Umts Checks High Traffic RTWP

20/5/12 Security Level:Internal
RTWP Optimization
Solutions for High-Traffic
Cells
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Background
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. No Spreading Without Permission Page 2
An Example of RTWP Too High
(Real-Time Trace in Country A)
 High traffic causes the following RTWP abnormalities: The RTWP remains high during bu
sy hours, and the RTWP sharply increases in a short time during busy hours.
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18:45:00 18:50:00 18:55:00 19:00:00
RTWP(dBm)
Huawei Confidential
Summary of RTWP Optimization Soluti
ons for High-Traffic Cells
RTWP Optimization
Solutions Available in
Supported Impact Different Versions
Optimization Solution Implementation Remarks
Version Range
R10 R11 R12 R13
Optimization of CQI feedback period All 　 RNC/Cell 　    

This is a standard solution and should be implemented
Access parameter optimization (indo preferentially.
All 　 Cell 　    
or distribution) This is directly im
plemented by site Internal parameters are involved in versions earlier than
10 ms fixed PO optimization All RNC 　    engineers. R13.
The link release problem of iPhone 4 R12 　 RNC 　   The solution is merged into RNC R12SPC516.
EFD is implemented in the network with high iPhone

State transition/EFD R12 　 RNC 　   This affects KPIs.
penetration rate.
2 ms fixed PO optimization R10 RNC     Internal parameters are involved.

Value optimization of SIB 7 broadcast
R12 Cell   This is merged into NodeB R12SPC430.
RTWP
This is used for 10 ms, and not used with the fixed PO opti
HSUPA PO adaptive adjustment R13 RNC 
mization at the same time.
HSUPA TTI selection and switchover solution includes the
HSUPA TTI selection and switchover s TTI switchover implemented on R10 and based on load, th
olution enabled + 2 ms periodic retry di R10 RNC 　     e TTI switchover implemented on R12 and based on admis
sabled sion CE, and the access state TII selection implemented on
patch release R3 (RNC R13SPH529).
This needs to be
Reception using multiple antennas All Cell 　    
analyzed by R&D
engineers.
0.5/0.5 reconstruction All Cell    
Multiple-RRU demodulation R13 NodeB 

HSUPA target retransmission times m
All RNC    
odified to 10%.
PS R99 target BLER modified to 10% All RNC    
This is a non-standard solution. It is recommended that site
RNC/Node engineers select a site to try first.
The HSUPA 2 ms function disabled. R10 　    
B
Maximum number of HSUPA
All 　 Cell    
subscribers in the cell limited.
Note: For the MML commands executed in the preceding solutions, refer to the Excel attachment in page 26 of this document.
Huawei Confidential
RTWP Optimization Solution
-Optimization of CQI Feedback Period
 Optimization of CQI feedback period
 Basic principle and application scenario
 Basic principle: HSDPA Uplink feedback channel HS-DPCCH contribute a big part of RTWP load. It
is recommended to optimize HSDPA CQI feedback period, to reduce impact on Uplink
 Application scenario: any scenarios where the HSUPA cell capacity need expansion and the cell
RTWP needs to be reduced.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: On the office in country A, the CQI feedback period is changed from 2 ms to 8 ms.
- After optimization, the average value of the RTWP traced in real time is reduced by about 8 dB.
 Risk: HSDPA throughput may be affected (very small impact) / no impact on network in offices A
and B After this solution implementation.
 Version in which the solution was implemented

 In RAN13.0, parameters are baselined to 4 ms.
Huawei Confidential
- Optimization of CQI Feedback Period
 Optimization of CQI feedback period
 Application effect
 Modify the CQI feedback period from 2 ms to 8 ms. The RTWP average value is
reduced by about 8 dB in real-time trace ( -76.97dBm -> -85.05dBm ).
 The load overshoots in a short time, and the frequency decreases obviously.
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0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50
CQI feedback period = 2 ms CQI feedback period = 8 ms
CQI feedback period = 2 ms CQI feedback period = 8 ms
Huawei Confidential
RTWP Optimization Solution -
Access Parameter Optimization
 Access parameter optimization
 Basic principle: Decrease the RTWP peaks by reducing the spike of the preamble of open-
loop power control in RACH initial access.
The RTWP is significantly reduced in the cell with frequent RACH access
 Application scenario: This solution is mainly used for indoor coverage scenarios, and for ce
lls with frequent subscriber access and high RTWP.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: - After the Constantvalue parameter is modified on the office in country C, the RTWP
average value is reduced by 3 dB to 4 dB.
- After PreambleRetransMax, PowerRampStep and Mmax parameters modification, th
e average RTWP value is reduced by 1 dB.
 Risk: For indoor coverage scenarios, the access delay may increase.
 Version in which the solution is implemented

 All
Huawei Confidential
RTWP Optimization Solution - Acce
ss Parameter Optimization
 Access parameter optimization solution :
For the indoor scenario:
 Modify the constant value of the initial transmit power: Constantvalue=-20-> Constantvalue=-30,
 Modify the step: PowerRampStep=2 -> PowerRampStep=1,
 Modify the Preamble retransmit times: PreambleRetransMax=20 -> PreambleRetransMax=40,
 Modify the maximum number of cycles: Mmax=8->Mmax=3,
 Modify the upper limit of random rollback: NB01max=0 -> NB01max=10.
For the outdoor scenario:

 Modify the maximum cyclic times: Mmax = 8 -> Mmax = 3,
 Modify the upper limit of random rollback: NB01max=0 -> NB01max=10.
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Access Parameter Optimization (C)
 Access parameter optimization
 After the access parameter optimization, the RTWP average value is reduced by 3 dB to 4 dB.
 The RTWP short-time overshoot still exists, but less frequently and with less intensity.
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- 10 ms Fixed PO Opti

mization
10 ms fixed PO optimization between DPCCH (UL) and E DPDCH
 Basic principle: Manually configure a higher reference PO (REFETFCIPO1) for the 10 ms
TTI, to reduce DPCCH SIR, reduce the uplink load of Control Channel, and improve the
throughput of the HSUPA cell with multiple subscribers.
 Application scenario: This is used for the network with a high ratio of HSUPA 10 ms
subscriber, and with limited Uplink capacity.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: from lab test with 75% uplink load target threshold, 18 online subscribers and two
uploading subscribers, the gain of the uplink throughput in the cell is 15%. (only when you
have many HSUPA users)
 Risk: The peak rate of the HSUPA 10 ms subscriber in commercial network competition is
slightly affected.

 All (Versions earlier than R13 involve internal parameter modification) . Command : Create
ICARE ticket.
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If you want to keep the same throughput for HSUPA E-DPDCH, and if you increase the PO => The SIR of UL DPCCH will decrease and the total power will also decrease
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- 2 ms Fixed PO Optimizatio
n
 2 ms fixed PO optimization
 Basic principle : Manually configure higher reference PO (REFETFCIPO1) for the 2 ms TTI,
to reduce DPCCH SIR and reduce the uplink load of the Control Channel, and improve the
throughput of the HSUPA cell with multiple subscribers .
 Application scenario: This is used for the network with a high ratio of HSUPA 2 ms
subscriber, and with limited uplink capacity.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: For the lab test with 90% uplink load target threshold, and with 7 to 8 subscribers
running UL FTP , the uplink throughput gain in the cell is 15%.
 Risk: The peak rate of the HSUPA 2 ms subscriber in commercial network competition is
greatly affected.

All (Versions earlier than R13 involve internal parameter modification) . Command :
Create ICARE ticket.
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- State Transition / EFD
 State transition
 Basic principle
 Basic principle: Transit the traffic from DCH to FACH or PCH state, reduce the dedicated cha
nnel resources occupation (DPCCH, HS_DPCCH), and reduce uplink load (and downlink
load).
EFD is used for networks with high iPhone penetration rates.
 Application scenario: This is used for networks with high penetration rates of intelligent termin
als, and when we have many online subscribers with low volume of data transmission.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: The gain is related to traffic users behavior and the state transfer timer (D2F, F2P).
 Risk: Time delay and signaling could  (RB reconf), and the call drop may be degraded : no
power control on FACH, number of PS access is reduced.

 R12
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- State Transition/EFD
 State transition
 If the state transition is disabled, the capacity loss is severe, and the whole RTWP i
ncrease is obvious (by about 15 dB).
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0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1,000 1,050 1,100
CELLFACH ON CELLFACH OFF
Huawei Confidential
- iPhone Link-Deleting Pr
oblem
 iPhone link-deleting problem
 Basic principle:
- When iPhone releases the link, it retransmits the RRC CONN REL CMP signaling message
- However, the network side releases the link before UE (RNC still send RRC CONN REQ to UE)
=> the uplink power control is abnormal (no power control anymore) and
the RTWP spike occurs.
- The solution is to delay the link release on the network side after iPhone releasing the link
 Application scenario: This is used for networks with high iPhone penetration rates and high RTWP.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: The RTWP spike is reduced. After the solution is implemented on the site in Thailand, the RTWP av
erage value improves by about 3 dB.
 Risk: None

 RNC RAN12 SPC516
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- iPhone Link-Deleting Problem
 iPhone link release problem
 Application effect (on the office in country A)
 The RTWP average value increases by about 3 dB (– 89.9 dBm -> – 93.1 dBm).
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0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 -100 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70
Delay release disabled Delay release enabled Delay release disabled Delay release enabled
Huawei Confidential
- RTWP Value Optimization of SIB7 Broadcast
 Value optimization of SIB 7 broadcast RTWP
 Basic principle:
- Real time RTWP value (broadcasting by SIB7) is used to calculate the RACH initial access power
- In high load scenarios you can introduce a maximum threshold for RTWP (ex : -80dBm) , to
avoid the power of RACH initial access being too high.
The effect is essentially the same than reducing the Constvalue. Both are for reducing the UE
power of transmitting the first preamble.
 Application scenario: This is used in the scenario where the RACH causes RTWP rising.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: After the RTWP value of SIB7 broadcast is optimized on the office in country A, the average
RTWP value is reduced by about 3 dB.
 Risk: In the scenario with not obvious RTWP spike caused by RACH, each RACH access needs a l
arge amount of preamble ramp progress, which causes delay increasing.

 NodeB R12SPC430
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- RTWP Value Optimization of SIB7 Broadcast
 Value optimization of SIB 7 broadcast RTWP
 Application effect (on the office in country A)
 After the RTWP value of SIB7 broadcast is optimized, the RTWP average value is
reduced by about 3 dB: –93.5 dBm Vs – 90.8 dBm.
 In the real-time trace data, you can see that the frequency of load short-time overshoot
obviously becomes lower.
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Top-truncated value=110 Top-truncated value=90 Top-truncated value=110 Top-truncated value=90
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- Adaptive Adjustment of HSUPA PO
 Adaptive adjustment of HSUPA PO (Power Offset)
 Basic principle: If the subscriber rate is lower than a certain threshold, and the air interface load is
limited (high RTWP), this solution will automatically increase the HSUPA reference PO
(REFETFCIPO1) to reduce the DPCCH SIR of lower rate subscribers, and to improve uplink capacity.
 Application scenario: This is used for the network with a high ratio of HSUPA 10 ms subscriber, and with
limited uplink capacity.
- The effect is better with HSUPA TTI switchover based on the load is enabled.
- Used for 10 ms, not used with the fixed PO optimization at the same time.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: When the number of subscriber with low rate is high with, the gain is obvious.
Eg. more than fifteen 10 ms subscribers with small amounts of data to be retransmitted are online and uploading at the same time.
the HSUPA capacity of the cell can improve more than 40%.
=> average throughput increase 
=> and simultaneous UL data transmission subscriber number 
 Risk: The gain is not obvious for subscribers with frequent link-release /link setup or with too short lasting
time links.

 RAN13.0 (fixed PO configuration can be carried out on early versions)
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RTWP Optimization Solution - HSUPA TTI Selection and
Switchover Solution Enabled + 2 ms Periodic Retry Disabled
 HSUPA TTI selection and switchover solution enabled + 2 ms periodic retry disabled.
 Basic principle: HSUPA 2ms TTI require more TX power and more admission CE
Enable the switchover of the HSUPA subscriber from 2 ms TTI to 10 ms TTI if :
- The subscriber rate is lower than a certain threshold,
- The air interface resource or the CE resource is limited,
* The 2 ms periodic retry is disabled to prevent TTI ping-pong switchover.
 Application scenario: This is used for networks with HSUPA 2 ms function enabled, lots of
2 ms subscribers and limited uplink load.
 Gain and risk

 Gain: The UL load RTWP will improve,
 Risk: When the 10 ms TTI subscriber requires high-speed data transmission, the rate
rises more slowly because of the reconfiguration process time to 2 ms TTI (based on
throughout and load)

 RAN10.0
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Comparison of Different TTI Switchover Solutions
TTI switchover based on a TTI selection of acce

TTI switchover based on load
dmission ss state
If the air interface load exceeds the target node, In admission, the consumed admissio
and 2 ms TTI is configured for the service. the rat n CE of the 2 ms subscriber is more
e cannot reduce because the scheduling algorith than that the 10 ms subscriber. The HSUPA subscriber selects
Basic m guarantees one RLC PDU. The related minimu Therefore, when the admission CE is lim the initial TTI based on the actua
principle m rate is 168 Kbit/s (336) or 328 Kbit/s (656). At t ited, switching the subscriber from 2 ms l resource (RTWP/Iub/CE) cong
his time if the TTI is switched from 2 ms to 10 to 10 ms improves the admission estion state.
ms, the actual subscriber rate and the cell subscriber number of the system.
load are reduced, and also the cell load.
This is used for commercial net

Application sc This is used for scenarios with limited uplink load This is used for scenarios with limited ad
works with lots of HSUPA
enario s and low uplink rates. mission CE and low uplink rates.
subscriber access.
The initial TTI is selected based
This alleviates the admission CE conges on the resource congestion state
This reduces load when the uplink load resource tion problem after 2 ms TTI is enabled, a when the subscriber accesses.
Gain is severely limited, and reduces the RTWP. nd improves the subscriber number This reduces reconfiguration
specification. signaling and improves power ef
ficiency.
Version in
which the RAN10.0 RAN12.0 RNC RAN13SPH529
solution is
implemented
Huawei Confidential
RTWP Optimization Solution - Summar
y of Non-Standard Solutions
Optimization Solution Description Risk and Suggestion Remarks
Disabling the HSUPA 2 ms Disabling the 2 ms function affects

Disable the HSUPA 2 ms func function makes only 10 ms subscriber peak rate. It is recommended
tion. available for HSUPA that the 2 ms function is modified in non-
subscribers. comparison test networks.
Reduce the maximum
HSUPA access subscriber It is recommended that this solution is carr
Limit the maximum HSUPA It is recommended that t
number in the cell, and ied out in non-comparison test networks.
subscriber number in the cell. he site engineer selects
reduce the RTWP cost of
HSUPA subscribers. a site to try these non-st
andard solutions, and th
It is recommended that this solution is carr en decides whether to i
Modify the 10 ms target retr
Modify the HSUPA target retra ied out in non-comparison test networks or mplement in the whole n
ansmission times of
nsmission times. networks that have no requirements for 10 etwork.
HSUPA from 1% to 10%.
ms peak rate.
If you modify the high-speed (such as 384
Modify the target BLER of PS Modify the BLER of PS Kbit/s) BLER to 10%, the idle subscriber
subscribers in the R99 subscribers in the R99 peak rate is affected. It is recommended
network network from 1% to 10%. that the BLER is modified based on the
traffic mode and rate in the live network.
Huawei Confidential
Summary of RTWP Optimization Soluti
ons for High-Traffic Cells
RTWP Optimization
Solutions Available in
Supported Impact Different Versions
Optimization Solution Implementation Remarks
Version Range
R10 R11 R12 R13
Optimization of CQI feedback period All 　 RNC/Cell 　    

This is a standard solution and should be implemented
Access parameter optimization (indo preferentially.
All 　 Cell 　    
or distribution) This is directly im
plemented by site Internal parameters are involved in versions earlier than
10 ms fixed PO optimization All RNC 　    engineers. R13.
The link release problem of iPhone 4 R12 　 RNC 　   The solution is merged into RNC R12SPC516.
EFD is implemented in the network with high iPhone

State transition/EFD R12 　 RNC 　   This affects KPIs.
penetration rate.
2 ms fixed PO optimization R10 RNC     Internal parameters are involved.

Value optimization of SIB 7 broadcast
R12 Cell   This is merged into NodeB R12SPC430.
RTWP
This is used for 10 ms, and not used with the fixed PO opti
HSUPA PO adaptive adjustment R13 RNC 
mization at the same time.
HSUPA TTI selection and switchover solution includes the
HSUPA TTI selection and switchover s TTI switchover implemented on R10 and based on load, th
olution enabled + 2 ms periodic retry di R10 RNC 　     e TTI switchover implemented on R12 and based on admis
sabled sion CE, and the access state TII selection implemented on
patch release R3 (RNC R13SPH529).
This needs to be
Reception using multiple antennas All Cell 　    
analyzed by R&D
engineers.
0.5/0.5 reconstruction All Cell    
Multiple-RRU demodulation R13 NodeB 

HSUPA target retransmission times m
All RNC    
odified to 10%.
PS R99 target BLER modified to 10% All RNC    
This is a non-standard solution. It is recommended that site
RNC/Node engineers select a site to try first.
The HSUPA 2 ms function disabled. R10 　    
B
Maximum number of HSUPA
All 　 Cell    
subscribers in the cell limited.
Note: For the MML commands executed in the preceding solutions, refer to the Excel attachment in page 26 of this document.
Huawei Confidential
RTWP Optimization Solution - Summary
Summary of RTWP
Optimization Solutions f
Huawei Confidential
Thank you
www.huawei.com
Copyright©2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation,
statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology,
etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially
from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for
reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the
information at any time without notice.
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open looppower control
(OLPC) parameters.
Huawei Confidential
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Reception Using Multiple Antennas
 Reception using multiple antennas
 Basic principle: For the same transmission rate, the reception using multiple
antennas reduces the signal power that each antenna receives, that is, the uplink load.
For the same load, the reception using multiple antennas allows the UE to send larger
transmission blocks, which means the uplink capacity is improved.
 Gain and risk
 Gain: - Compared with the single antenna reception, two-way receive diversity recept
ion improves the uplink capacity by more than 50%.
- Compared with the dual-antenna reception, the four-way receive diversity rec
eption improves the uplink capacity by more than 50%.
 Risk: none.
 All
 Priority
 Low.
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0.5/0.5 Reconstruction
 0.5/0.5 reconstruction
 Basic principle
 The dual-antenna demodulation reception is implemented on the baseband side. The
baseband side and the RF side do not merge raw data, and the RTWP is the same as that
in the regular dual-antenna cell.
Figure 1 0.5/0.5 mode of dual-antenna reception Figure 2 RRU cascade mode
 Gain and risk

 Gain: In the 2 RRU/4 RRU multi-area cell networking, compared with the distributed cell, t
he 0.5/0.5 reconstruction does not have noise floor ramp.
 Risk: None
 Realized version
 All
 Priority
 Medium
Huawei Confidential
Multiple-RRU Cell
 Multiple-RRU cell
 Basic principle: The NodeB independently demodulates and merges several received RRU
signals in the baseband processing module, and duplicates a cell signal branch to several
RRUs for transmission.
 Application scenario: This feature is for special high-speed motion scenarios such as highw
ay or railway coverage, and F1 racing tracks. This feature is not compatible with the following
features: WRFD-010203 transmit diversity, four-antenna WRFD-010209 transmit diversity,
WRFD-010684 2x2 MIMO and 200 km coverage WRFD-021308. (Why ?)
 Gain and risk

 Gain: This improves cell capacity and throughput, and reduces the number of inter-cell
subscriber handovers.
 Risk: Higher baseband resource consumption

 R13
 Priority
 Low
Huawei Confidential
Comparison of Different Multiple-RRU
Cell Solutions
Independently demodulating multipl
0.5/0.5 (RAN10) Distributed RRU cascade cell
e-RRU cell (RAN13)
The RRU combines and transmits signals t RRU signals are transmitted to the base
RRU signals are transmitted to the baseband indepen
o the baseband. The baseband does not s band independently, and demodulated i
Combining type dently, and demodulated independently. Uplink perfor
ense several RRUs. ndependently. Uplink perfor
mance is good.
Uplink performance is bad. mance is good.
If each RRU is a 2R RRU, four antennas need to be c
Two antennas are configured for the
onfigured for the baseband demodulation mode, the
Dual antennas are configured for the baseband demodulation mode, and
CE consumption doubles, and the cell specification is
baseband demodulation mode, while each each RRU is a 2R RRU.N RRUs consu
Baseband demodulation mod half of the dual-antenna cell specification.
RRU is a 1R RRU. The CE and cell resour me N times cell resources: The E board
e and resource consumption If each RRU is a 1R RRU, dual antennas need to be c
ce is the same as those of the dual-antenn supports one 3 RRUs cell at most, and t
onfigured for the baseband demodulation mode, and t
a cell. he D board supports one 6 RRU cell at
he CE consumption and cell specification remain the s
most.
ame.
Whether the noise floor increa
No. Yes (noise floor increase=10log(N)dB) No.
ses
Number of RRU in the multipl Four at most are recommended for WBBPb:3
2
e-RRU cell performance. WBBPd:6
1R: The RRUs belonging to the same cell
are connected to two optical ports at most.
CPRI interface type This is not limited and cascading is recommended. This is not limited.
2R: The RRUs belonging to the same cell
are connected to one optical port at most.
The distance limitation betwee

4 KM 4 KM 10 KM
n RRUs of adjacent coverage.
Different RRUs have different configuration

Downlink transmission power This is the same for each RRU. This is the same for each RRU.
s
The UPA throughput rate is high and the The UPA stability is good, and the
The UPA throughput rate is high and the stability of
stability of some RRUs is reduced. The throughputs of some RRUs reduce. The
UPA scheduling some RRUs is reduced. The scheduling is based on
scheduling is based on the RTWP values o scheduling is based on the maximum R
the average RTWP value of all RRUs.
f all RRUs. TWP value of all RRUs.
Road and railway coverage (indoor cov
Application scenario Road and railway coverage (indoor coverage). Indoor coverage
erage).
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Umts Checks High Traffic RTWP

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20/5/12 Security Level:Internal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Optimization of CQI feedback period All RNC/Cell    

EFD is implemented in the network with high iPhone

2 ms fixed PO optimization R10 RNC     Internal parameters are involved.

Multiple-RRU demodulation R13 NodeB 

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution was implemented

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

For the outdoor scenario:

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

CELLFACH ON CELLFACH OFF

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

* The 2 ms periodic retry is disabled to prevent TTI ping-pong switchover.

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

TTI switchover based on a TTI selection of acce

This is used for commercial net

Disabling the HSUPA 2 ms Disabling the 2 ms function affects

Optimization of CQI feedback period All RNC/Cell    

EFD is implemented in the network with high iPhone

2 ms fixed PO optimization R10 RNC     Internal parameters are involved.

Multiple-RRU demodulation R13 NodeB 

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Figure 1 0.5/0.5 mode of dual-antenna reception Figure 2 RRU cascade mode

 Gain and risk

 Gain and risk

 Version in which the solution is implemented

The distance limitation betwee

Different RRUs have different configuration

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Optimization of CQI feedback period All 　 RNC/Cell 　    

Optimization of CQI feedback period All 　 RNC/Cell 　    