Presentation

on

Energy Starvation
In
Pakistan
Presented to:
Mr. Hafeez-ur-Rehman
Presented by:
Obaidullah Masood
Syed Muhammad Bilal
 1. Introduction

2. Literature review

3. Problem Statement

4. Theoretical Framework

5. Hypothesis

6. Research Design

7. Data Collection, Processing and Analysis

8. Findings

9. Conclusion and Recommendations

 Background of the Study:

The Charter of Duties of WAPDA is to investigate,

plan and execute schemes for the following fields:

a. Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Power.

b. Irrigation, Water Supply and Drainage.

c. Prevention of Water logging and Reclamation of Waterlogged

and Saline Lands.

d. Flood Management.

e. Inland Navigation.
 Introduction to Problem

 Pakistan’s overall economy review

 Pakistan’s energy overview

Introduction of load shedding problem in Pakistan due to increase in the
Usage of illegal load, high demand, over load and air conditioners

Objectives of our research:

The main objective of our research is to find out either the consumption of high
demand, over load, illegal load, thefting of electricity in Pakistan is responsible
for Energy starvation or the growth in industrial sector in Pakistan is responsible
for Energy starvation, or no installation of new power plants or latest equipments
is responsible for the problem.
 Significance of the study:

The research work on Energy starvation will help us to demonstrate the

true reasons of load shedding and energy starvation problem. It also helps
us to find out the total energy consumption and production of Pakistan.
 Literature Review

In the energy sector, Pakistan is facing severe power shortages of approximately
6,000 megawatts in the year 2010 (equivalent to about three Tarbela dams) and
30,700 MW by the year 2020

There were large gaps have been observed between the actual and allocated funds
for infrastructure development projects. Public agencies were taking too much time
and delivery was too little.

At present total power production capacity in the country is about 19,500 MW, out
of which Hydel Power is only 6,500 MW, balance of 13,000 MW is thermal either
using Natural Gas or Furnace Oil. Small capacity of 450 MW is Nuclear and only
150 MW is through coal.

Currently the country loses 29 billion units of electricity annually due to heavy losses
in the system. All efforts must be genuinely applied to reduce the losses. If losses
are reduced by even 5 percent, the saving will be over 7 Billion rupees.
It is good to know that the work on Neelum Jhelum Hydro Project (900MW) has
started by WAPDA.

The current power crisis is grossly due to very high oil prices, and the country
has to prepare itself at least for the next several years to somehow cope with it,
since no immediate cheaper alternate solutions are available.

The policy orientation needs a drastic modification and indigenous resource like
hydel energy.
 Problem Statement

“Do the High Demand, illegal load, over load, electricity thefting and
production of Air conditioners in Pakistan is responsible for Energy
Starvation in Pakistan or other factors like growth in industry and no
installation of electricity capacities or latest equipments were responsible
for that.”
Theoretical Framework

Dependent Variable:

Electricity

Independent variables:

High Demand
Over load and illegal load
New electricity capacities installed
Industrial growth
Air conditioners
 Direction of Relations:

 In above relations usage of high demand, over load, illegal load, electricity
thefting and air conditioners negatively affects electricity supply.

 No installation of new electricity capacities negatively influences the

electricity supply.

 And in last industrial growth positively influence the electricity supply.

Inventory of propositions in a sequential order:

 Massive domestic usage of air conditioners, over loads and thefting electricity
due to high income level negatively affects electriicty supply.

 No installation of new electriicty capacities or latest equipment negatively

influences the electriicty supply.

 The industrial growth during 2005-2006 positively influences the electriicty

supply.
 Hypothesis

1. Null Hypothesis:
H0: Massive usage of air conditioners, over loads, illegal loading and high demand
in the country is responsible for the Energy starvation in the country.

1. Alternative Hypothesis:
H1: Massive usage of air conditioners, over loads, illegal loading and high demand
in the country is not responsible for Energy starvation in the country.

2. Null Hypothesis:
H0: Growth in industrial sector is responsible for starvation of energy in Pakistan.

2. Alternative Hypothesis:
H1: Growth in industrial sector is not responsible for the starvation of energy in
Pakistan.

3. Null Hypothesis:
H0: No installation of new electricity capacities or latest equipments is responsible
for energy starvation in Pakistan.
3. Alternative Hypothesis:
H1: No installation of new electricity capacities or latest equipments is not
responsible for energy starvation in Pakistan.
 Research Design

Classification of research

descriptive and also quantitative

Data Collection Techniques

historic sources such as different government sources, internet and the second
source we collect data from WAPDA House Peshawar through structured and
unstructured interviews, newspapers

send questionnaire to different energy suppliers of the country (such as KESC)

These Resources are contacted through PEPCOand WAPDA to provide necessary
information.
 Population and Sample

As our research is totally based on historic data so for data collection

the population is all power supply companies of Pakistan
 Tools of Data Collection

Questionnaire

News papers & Websites

Forms of data collected

Completely filled questionnaire

Reports on Electricity supply and shortage.

Data Processing and analysis
Year-wise Electricity Consumption by Province
 Findings

Domestic consumption is increased from 5% per year to 30%

which is alarming.

So we accept the first null hypothesis that

Massive usage of air conditioners, over loads, illegal
loading and high demand in the country is responsible
for the electricity shortage in the country, and we reject
all other hypothesis.
 Conclusion & Recommendations

 High duties on luxurious goods such as Air Conditioners.

 Invest in the Kala Baag Dam and Basha Dam Making.

 Installation of low cost new energy generation plants is very necessary.

(Low cost plant includes solar energy and wind energy systems theses
systems are expensive at purchasing but after installation these are the
free sources of energy).

 Line losses should be decreased to 3% currently it is 20%

 Theft of electricity should also be decreased by making new and

harder laws.

 A strong media campaign should also be introduced on TV.

 Electricity saver appliances should be introduced in the country.

 Home users use less energy so that industrial can benefit from it.