Electrostatics : charges at Rest

Charges at rest
Types of charges
Explanation
Where these charges come from?
 Conductors & Insulators
• Conductors : conduct electricity due to free
electrons.

• Insulators : Doesn’t conduct electricity due to

bound charges
• Why atom is neutral?
• A duster cloth is rubbed with polythene rod
a) What is the net charge on the duster
b) What is the net charge on the polythene rod
c) What will happen if we bring charged polythene
rod and charged duster closer?
d) What will happen if we bring two charged
polythene rods closer.
Dangers of Electrostatic phenomena

What is a lightning spark ?

Never take shelter under tree

Reducing Risk
Metal wire in refuelling pipes
Wristband to save electronic devices from
excess current

https://youtu.be/_m_F4j-oQaU
• Q : what is lightning ?
• Q: What is Earthing or lightning conductor?
• Q: How a wristband gives protection in
electronic items ?
• Q: You are charged when you move on a
carpet . Now if you touch a metal door handle.
What will happen?What will happen if the
door handle is made of plastic?
The space around a charge where any other charge
will experience a force
Electric field lines due to two charges
Electric Circuits
(a) Actual Circuit (b) Circuit Diagram
Types of CIRCUIT
Electric Cell
Why bulb glows?
Good Conductors and Bad conductors
Examples of good and bad conductors
Why conductors and insulators
Drawing a circuit
• Why are the wires we use covered by plastic?
• Sort these materials into conductors and
Insulators
• Wood, iron, paper, copper, carbon
Electric Current is basically flow of electric charge from one place to other.
• A students says that current is flow of charge ? Is he correct ?
Explain your answer
• An ammeter measures __________ flowing per_______.
• A ___________ current means that more _____ flows per
second.
• If a bulb filament breaks in series circuit , the current will be
_____
• Why do you only need 1 switch in a series circuit.
• A student connects an ammeter in a circuit with a lamp and a
cell. The reading is 0.5 A. She moves the ammeter to the
other side of lamp.
• A) What will happen to ammeter reading ?
B) Explain your answer

Some people think that there will be more

current near positive terminal of battery than
negative terminal. Is it correct ? Explain your
answer
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
What is a Series Circuit?

A circuit is said to be connected in series when the same current flows through all the
components in the circuit. In such circuits, the current has only one path.

Let us consider the household decorative string lights as an example of a series circuit.
This is nothing but a series of multiple tiny bulbs connected in series. If one bulb fuses,
all the bulbs in series do not light up.

What is a Parallel Circuit?

A circuit is said to be parallel when the electric current has multiple paths to flow
through. The components that are a part of the parallel circuits will have a constant
voltage across all ends.
• A parallel circuit contains more than one loops
or branches

• Each loop is independent of the other loop

• Components in a parallel circuit can ne turned

on and off independently.
• Draw a circuit containing 4 bulbs in series with
battery
• Draw a circuit containing 4 bulbs in parallel
with battery.
• Advantages of parallel connection with
controlling keys.
Current in parallel circuits
• Q 1 What is the difference between a series and a
parallel circuit
• Q2 Are the lamps connected in our houses in
series or parallel? Explain
• Q3 The current in one branch of a parallel circuit
is 0.2 A, and in the other branch it is 0.3A.
a) Are the components in each branch same or
different .
b) What is the total current next to battery?
Which bulb will glow and when?
Will they have same brightness?
Explain where you would put another switch to turn all the lamps on or off