LOGO

MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING DESIGN
(MEC332)
Chapter
Chapter 1:
1:
Introduction
Introduction to
to Mechanical
Mechanical Design
Design

By:
Firdaus Sukarman
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
UiTM Cawangan Pulau Pinang
 Lesson Outcome

 At the end of this session, students should be

able to:
 Understand the concept of engineering design
 Explain the engineering design process
 Understand the code and standard in design and
the system of units
Contents

1 Definition and Concept of Mech. Design

2 The Design Process

3 Codes and Standard

4
 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design Retrieve from http://penandmoon.com

What is
design?
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 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
 Design is essentially a decision-making
process
 For every problem, we need to design a
solution

Design is to formulate a plan to satisfy a

particular need and to create something with
a physical reality
 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
Almost everyone is involved in design, in one
way or the other, in our daily lives because
problems are posed and they need to be
solved.
Retrieve from http://www.eng.unsw.edu.au
 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
Basic concept of design

 Decision-making : every stage of design

 Consideration of different factors
 To draw certain conclusions leading to an optimum
design
 Market survey to read people’s mind
 Study of existing norms
 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
 Engineering Design is the result of a process:
 Identification need or problem
 Involves engineering related activities such as
• Prototyping, testing, modeling and analysis
 Provides a solution for the identified need or
problem
 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
 Mechanical Engineering Design
 Use the knowledge of statics, dynamics,
thermodynamics etc. in design process

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 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
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What is a
good design

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 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design

A bad decision
leads to a bad
design and a bad
product

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 Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design
Good Design

Design is the product of planning and work

A design requires both analysis and synthesis
 Analysis
• Use of engineering and scientific disciplines to characterize
product performance
 Synthesis
• Involves the combination of solutions into a total workable system
A good design provides a solution to the identified need
or problem in an innovative manner and defines a
standard for others to follow
Definition and Concept of Mech.
Design

Technological advances

Changing customer needs Leads to

Innovations

Shortening product life cycles

 Design Process
Phase
Phase 11 Phase
Phase 22 Phase
Phase 33

Conceptual
Conceptual Embodiment
Embodiment Detail
Detail
Design
Design Design
Design Design
Design

Phase
Phase 44 Phase
Phase 55 Phase
Phase 66

Planning
Planningfor
for Planning
Planningforfor Planning
Planningfor
for
Manufacture
Manufacture Distribution
Distribution Use
Use

Phase
Phase 77
Phases of Engineering
Planning
Planningfor
for
Retirement
Retirement
Design
 Codes and Standard

Collections of laws and rules that assist a government

agency in meeting its obligations to protect the general
welfare by preventing damage to property or injury or lost of
life to persons
Code
• Tell engineer what to do and when and under what
circumstances to do it.
• Usually legal requirements i.e. ; in the building code or
the fire code.

Generally agreed upon set of procedures, criteria,

dimensions, materials or parts such as dimensions and
sizes of screws, bearings and procedure for testing yield
strength.
Standard • Tell engineer how to do it and are usually regarded as
recommendations that do not have the force of law.
• Often incorporate national standards into them by
reference and by this way the standards become legally
enforceable.
 Codes and Standard

Codes
Types of Codes

Performance Prescriptive or
Codes specification
codes
Stated in terms of the
specific requirement State the requirements
that is expected to be in terms of specific
achieved. The method details and leave no
to be achieved is not discretion to the
specified. designer.
Codes and Standard

Categories of Design Standard

1 2 3
Performance Test Methods Codes of
Standards Methods to Practice
Published measure properties Give detail design
standards such as such as yield methods for
seat belts, auto strength, thermal repetitive technical
crash safety. conductivity and problems such as
electrical resistivity. design of piping,
i.e. ; ASTM, etc heat exchanger,
pressure vessels.
i.e. ; ASME, SAE
etc.
Codes and Standard

Prepared by individual companies

for their own used such as
manufacturing process,
dimensions, tolerances etc.

Prepared by group of companies

Standard in the same industry for example
How its made? American Institute of Steel
Construction (AISC).

Prepared by government agency

set a standard for example MIL
standard (military standard) for
Department of Defense.
 Codes and Standard

Efficiency Codes Interchangeability

Ensuring and Promotes

Standard
Safety Compatibility
 Codes and Standard

Use of design standards saves designer

from spending time on finding solutions to
recurring identical problems.

Standards can lead

Provide a firm basis in negotiation and
understanding between buyer and seller. to reducing the cost
of the product
Failure to incorporate design standards
may lead to difficulties with product
liability i.e risk of damage and
enforcement of law.
 References

1. Rozaini Othman, Lecture Notes, MEC332

2. Engineering Design,G.E. Dieter and Linda C.
Schmidt, 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2009.
3. D. G. Ullman, The Mechanical Design Process,
3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, 2003.
4. Machine Design, R-S-Khurmi-J-K-Gupta-S-
chand, 2005
5. S. Laguette, Lecture Notes, “Introduction to
Mechanical Engineering Design, ME 153”
Spring 2010
6. Wikipedia
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