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ETE423 EEE423 - Lecture 3 - Cross Bar Switch
ETE423 EEE423 - Lecture 3 - Cross Bar Switch
ETE423 EEE423 - Lecture 3 - Cross Bar Switch
Principles of Telecommunication
Networks
E F
Two routes from A to F with 3
01 intermediate HOP
J
02
ABCJF: 01 04 03 01 1457
G
D AIHGF: 02 05 01 02 1457
03
01
C H Identification of subscriber is route dependent
( source, destination, intermediate exchange)
04 05
B I Exchange
01 A 02
Interface/outlet
• Identifier:
– Exchange identifier
– Subscriber Line identifier
• Switching Exchange capable of storing the digits dialed
• Translate the exchange identifier into route digits
• Trnasmit routing and subscriber line digits to the switching
network
• Directory service
Common Control System
Register
Finder Control line
data line
Call processing subsystem
• Event monitoring
• Call processing
• Charging
• Operation and Maintenance
Event Processing
852 7 8 9
941 * 0 #
(i) Common control allows the customer and the switch to share
the common equipments used to process the call.
2
Cross point .
.
inputs .
.
n .
. ... .... ... ..... ..….
1 2 m outputs
Crosspoint Technology
Electromechanical Electronic
CMOS
FET MOS
Crossbar switching matrix
Vertical magnet (hold magnet)
N N
NxK KxN
1 q
p r
2 s
N Outlets
M inlets r
s q
p
r s
• Each middle stage switch can be factored in the same way until all
switches are 2x2 switches
Middle Stage
1st Stage 3rd Stage
0 0
1
1 A
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
B
6 6
7 7
8x8 Benes network
0 1
0 0
1 2 3 1
2 4 5 2
3 7 3
7
4 1 0 4
5 3 2 5
6 5 4 6
7 6 6 7
Benes Networks
• Benes switch fabric is one of the most economical permutation
switches in terms of cross points
• Uses the fewest known number of 2x2 switches to implement a 4x4 wide-sense
non-blocking network (non-blocking network that needs no rearrangement)
• Rule : Never allow all of the 4 inner switches to be in the same state (cross or
bar)
• Any combination of connections can be set-up in any order without breaking the
rule.
• Reasoning behind the rule requires an exhaustive enumeration of the equivalent
states of the network.