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Etroleum: Its Origin, Composition and Sources
Etroleum: Its Origin, Composition and Sources
BACTERIAL ACTION
like temperature, is a function of depth and increases 1
psi each foot of depth. Pressure is caused by the weight
of the sedimentary overburden.
MATURATION OF KEROGEN
is a function of increased burial and temperature and
is accompanied by chemical changes. As kerogen
thermally matures and increases in carbon content, it
changes from an immature light greenish-yellow color to
an over mature black, which is representative of a higher
coal rank.
COMPOSITION OF PETROLEUM
Petroleum is composed of carbon and hydrogen with
minor amounts of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen (Table
1.1). An increase in the minor elements lowers the value
of crude.
Components Oil Asphalt Kerogen
Carbon 84.0 83 79
Hydrogen 13.0 10 6
Sulfur 2.0 4 5
Nitrogen 0.5 1 2
Oxygen 0.5 2 8
Depth of Burial, deeper the resevoir, higher the gravity. The deepest well
tend to produced gas.
Basinal Position, gradients range from high at the center to low at the
edges
FACTOR WHICH AFFECT THE
CRUDE OIL GRAVITY
Tectonism, high gravities are more common in regions of high stress
Sulfur Content, content is high in low gravity crudes. Main variations are
regional