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The Holderness Coastline - The Management of Coastal Erosion
The Holderness Coastline - The Management of Coastal Erosion
The Holderness Coastline - The Management of Coastal Erosion
How might the geology of the area affect the shape of the
coastline?
What processes are acting upon this coastline?
The Holderness Coastline is made up of soft boulder clays (tills) left after the
retreat of the Devensian ice sheets about 12 000 years ago. They can be seen
on the coast, being rapidly eroded by the sea. To look at, they are a mass of
brown clay containing pieces of rock (erratics) brought here by the glaciers from
Scandinavia, Scotland, the Lake District and Northeast England. These soft,
recent deposits sit on a platform of chalk which slopes away gently to the east.
1. The soft Boulder Clay cliffs become saturated with rain water and lose their
strength.
2. The cliff is too steep and fails either as a block of material or as a slurry slide
3. Cliff failure reduces the angle and prevents further erosion but …
4. Large waves from the North East remove the debris in longshore drift to the
South and the cliff oversteepens, rain falls and the cycle begins again.
The order of this presentation…
1. Flamborough Head.
2. Mappleton
3. Aldbrough
4. Withernsea
5. Kilnsea
6. Spurn Head
1. Flamborough Head
The chalk of Flamborough is a resistant rock that provides examples of erosion,
features such as caves, arches and stacks. The chalk has formed a headland.
2. Mappleton
Situated approximately 3km south of Hornsea lies the village
of Mappleton. Supporting approximately 50 properties, the
village has been subject to intense erosion at a rate of 2.0m
per year, resulting in the access road being only 50m from
the cliff edge at its closest point.
1 Cliffs to the north. Sea defences mean 2 Cliffs to the south. The sea defences
that the beach has grown and the cliffs are don’t protect this area and the land is
stable (look at the grass growing!) retreating rapidly.
Mappleton
The area known as Spurn forms the southern extremity of the Holderness coast and includes
the unique feature of Spurn Head, a sand and shingle spit 5.5km long, reaching across the
mouth of the Humber. Spurn is made up of the material which has been transported along
the Holderness Coast. This includes sand, sediment and shingle.
Full time lifeboat men live here with their The Humber estuary is very busy with
families. large ships. It is one of the most
dangerous estuaries in Europe, so pilots
guide boats in and out. Their base is on
Spurn for quick access to sea. The pilots
do not live on Spurn.
Many key industries, farms and homes lie within 50 meters of the
coastline.
2. What effects
would
saving
these have
on other
areas of the Wind turbines Humber
coastline? Pilots
3. Who should
pay?
How can the coastline be protected?
Hard engineering techniques aim to stop coastal processes
from occurring. Soft engineering methods try to work with
nature to protect the coast.
What has been done to protect Swanage?
What is the purpose of each scheme at Swanage?
Match the correct scheme to its purpose!