DC BIASING - BJT

BIASING

• Applying DC voltages to a transistor in order to turn it on

so that it can amplify AC signals.
THE THREE OPERATING REGIONS
Active or Linear Region Operation
• Base–Emitter junction is forward biased
• Base–Collector junction is reverse biased

Cutoff Region Operation

• Base–Emitter junction is reverse biased

Saturation Region Operation

• Base–Emitter junction is forward biased
• Base–Collector junction is forward biased
DC BIASING CIRCUITS

• Fixed-bias circuit
• Emitter-stabilized bias circuit
• Voltage divider bias circuit
• DC bias with voltage feedback
FIXED BIAS
• For the fixed-bias network shown determine the
following:
a. IB
b. IC
c. IE
d. VB
e. VC
f. VE
g. VCE
h. VBC
i. ICsat
• For the fixed-bias network shown determine the
following:
a. IB = 47.08uA
b. IC = 2.35mA
c. IE = 2.40mA
d. VB = 0.7V
e. VC = 6.82V
f. VE = 0V
g. VCE = 6.82V
h. VBC = -6.12V
i. Icsat = 5.45mA
EMITTER-STABILIZED BIAS CIRCUIT
• Adding a resistor (RE) to the
emitter circuit stabilizes the
bias circuit.

• Stability refers to a condition in

which the currents and voltages
remain fairly constant over a
wide range of temperatures and
transistor Beta (β) values.
• For the emitter-stabilized bias network shown determine the following:
a. IB
b. IC
c. IE
d. VB
e. VC
f. VE
g. VCE
h. VBC
i. ICsat
• For the emitter-stabilized bias network shown determine the following:
a. IB = 40.12uA
b. IC = 2.01mA
c. IE = 2.05mA
d. VB = 2.75V
e. VC = 15.99V
f. VE = 2.05V
g. VCE = 13.94V
h. VBC = -13.24V
i. ICsat = 6.67mA
VOLTAGE DIVIDER BIAS

• This is a very stable bias circuit.

• The currents and voltages are
nearly independent of any
variations in β.
• For the voltage-divider bias network shown determine the following:
a. ETH
b. RTH
c. IB
d. IC
e. IE
f. VB
g. VC
h. VE
i. VCE
j. VBC
k. ICsat
• For the voltage-divider bias network shown determine the following:
a. ETH = 2V
b. RTH = 3.55kΩ
c. IB = 6.05uA
d. IC = 0.8464mA
e. IE = 0.8524mA
f. VB = 1.98V
g. VC = 13.54V
h. VE = 1.28V
i. VCE = 12.26V
j. VBC = -11.56V
k. ICsat = 1.91mA
DC BIAS WITH VOLTAGE FEEDBACK

• Another way to improve the

stability of a bias circuit is
to add a feedback path from
collector to base.
• For the feedback bias network shown determine the following:
a. IB
b. IC
c. IE
d. VB
e. VC
f. VE
g. VCE
h. VBC
i. ICsat
• For the feedback bias network shown determine the following:
a. IB = 11.82uA
b. IC = 1.06mA
c. IE = 1.08mA
d. VB = 1.99V
e. VC = 4.95V
f. VE = 1.29V
g. VCE = 3.66V
h. VBC = -2.96V
i. ICsat = 1.69mA