HVAC DATA (DUCTING)

A duct system is a network of round or RECTANGULAR DUCTS:

rectangular tubes—generally constructed of  A rectangular ducts are designed to
sheet metal, fiberglass board, or a flexible withstand strong vibrations and various level
plastic and- wire composite—located within of pressure that. occur during operations of
the walls, floors, and ceilings. Usually, you air conditioning systems in all type of
can see only the outlet, which is a register buildings.  Rectangular Duct is prefabricated
covered with grillwork. from factory in square or L-shape to facilitate
WHAT IS THE PLENUM? easy.
WHAT IS THE MAIN TRUNK?
The plenum is the main part of the supply
The Main Trunk(s) are the part of the duct
and return duct system that goes directly
system that all the air from the system is going
from the air handler or furnace to the Main
to travel in before we "take off" the main
Trunk.
plenum to the "diffusers" or grilles.
WHAT IS A GRILLE, DIFFUSER OR
REGISTER?
A system of fixed or adjustable vanes
covering an opening through which air is
discharged; Diffuser is an outlet devise
discharging supply air in a direction radially
to the axis of entry. Register is a grille
equipped with a damper control valve.

STANDARD DUCT SIZES WHAT IS A TAKE OFF?

All standard air conditioners A "take off "is that part of the system where we
move 400 cubic feet of air per take the air off the trunk to supply air to the living
minute per ton or 12,000 BTUs of area of the house. Then from the "take off" we
air conditioning. One ton equals will go directly to the Grilles, diffuser or registers.
a. 100 CFM = 6" round 5x6" 4x8"
the heat extraction rate of 2,000 b. 200 CFM = 8' round 6x8" 4x12" ½ ton

BTUH. One BTU is the

c. 300 CFM = 9" round 10x7" 5x14" ¾ ton
measurement of heat. It takes
d. 400 CFM = 10" round 8x10" 6x14" 1 ton
one BTU to raise the temperature
•Evaporator - Receives of water in degree Fahrenheit. e. 600 CFM = 12" round 10x12" 8x14'" 1-1/2 tons

the liquid refrigerant Knowing this we then first need f. 800 CFM = 13" round 10x14" 8x18" 2 tons

•Condenser to determine how the duct g. 1000 CFM = 14" round 10x16" 12x14" 2-1/2 tons

- Facilitates heat system is going to be sized. Here h. 1200 CFM = 16" round 10x20" 12x16" 3 tons

transfer are some sizes for supply duct i. 1400 CFM = 6" round 12x18" 10x20" 3-1/2 tons

•Expansion valve that can be used. Use larger

sizing for return air ducting. j. 1600 CFM = 18" round 14x16" 12x20" 4 tons

- regulates refrigerant
t Floor Space k. 2000 CFM = 18" round 12x25" 16x17" 5 tons

flow into the CFM per L/s per Sq-m

Approximate
maximum air

evaporator Feet Sq
changes/hour for 10
feet (3m) ceiling DUCT ROUTING & LAYOUT
•Compressor - A pump All duct systems are designed around one simple
principle: deliver the air from the central air
that pressurizes handling unit to the air terminals in the simplest
refrigerant Floor Space
Approximate
maximum air direct route possible while following the line of
CFM per L/s per Sq-m

Feet Sq
changes/hour for 10
feet (3m) ceiling
maximum duct clearance. Following this principle
Grilles &0.6 to 1.2 3 to 6 7
usually results in one of three basic symmetrical
Regist
ers
layouts for the main and trunk ducts:
Slot Diffusers 0.8 to 2.0 4 to 10 12

a.The spine layout

Grilles &0.6 to 1.2 3 to 6 7

b.The H-pattern layout
Regist
ers

Slot Diffusers 0.8 to 2.0 4 to 10 12 c.The loop or doughnut

layout

1.Air Supply Ducts: These long metal tubes are

used to distribute warmed or cooled air to the
other rooms in your house.
2.Return Air Ducts: These are similar to the air
supply ducts, but they move air from the rooms in DIFFUSERS DIFFUSERS
your house to the AHU, where it can be heated or
cooled
SALEHA AAMER 09