Pig Iron Making

Lecture: 02
Dr. Saleem Shuja
The University Of Lahore
 Classification of Common Ferrous metals and Alloys
Ferrous Metal
Alloys

Cast Iron Plain Carbon Steels

Alloy Steels
Gray Cast
Iron High Carbon Low Alloy Steels
Steel
Malleable HSLA Steels
Iron
Micro Alloyed Steels
Medium
Ductile Iron Carbon Steel
Advanced High Strength
Compacted Steels
Graphite Iron
Low Carbon Maraging Steels
Austempered Steel
Ductile Iron Stainless Steels

Wrought Iron Tool Steels

 1. RAW Materials

i. Iron Ores
ii. Fuel – Coke – Gas
iii. Flux – Lime
 2. Preparation Of Ores

i. Crushing
ii. Screening
iii. Grinding & Sizing
iv. Concentration
v. Agglomeration – Sintering –Palletizing
Grinding & Sizing
Concentration
Agglomeration
 3. Auxiliary Materials

i. Metallic Additions
ii. Hearth Cinder, Scale, Slags
 4. Fuel

i. Requirements Placed on Fuel – Solid

Fuels
a. High Calorific Power
b. High Strength
c. Minimum Harmful Impurities
d. Minimum Ash, Moisture, Volatiles
ii. Natural Gas, Fuel Oil, Pulverized Coal
5. Blast Furnace and Operation

i. Profile and Dimensions of a Blast

Furnace
ii. Refractory Lining, Cooling Arrangements
& Casing of Blast Furnance
Blast Furnace Lines
 6. Auxiliary Arrangements

i. Blowers
ii. Blast Stoves
iii. Gas Cleaning
Blast furnace Process
 1. Decomposition of Charge
Materials

i. Evaporation Of Moisture
ii. Evolution Of Volatile Matter
iii. Decomposition Of Carbonates
 2. Reduction of Iron Ores

i. Direct Reduction
ii. Indirect Reduction
3. Reduction of Silicon, Manganese &
Phosphorous, Desulphurization Of Iron

i. Reduction Of Silicon
ii. Reduction Of Manganese
iii. Reduction Of Phosphorus
iv. Desulphurization Of Iron
 4. Carburization Of Iron &
Formation of Pig Iron

i. Carbon Pickup
ii. Pig Iron
 5. Formation Of Slag

i. Primary Slag
ii. Final Slag
 6. Combustion Of Fuel

i. Coke
ii. Natural Gas
The End