Shielded Metal Arc

Welding
 Arc Welding?
• Uses
electricity
for heat
 Arc Welding ?
• Electrodes
(Rods)
covered
with flux
 Arc Welding?
• Gas cloud
(Shield) around
the metal
during welding
 Arc Welding
• Heat for arc
welding comes
from electricity
 Arc Welding
• Welder = machine
used for welding that
produces a current
 Arc Welding
• Arc = discharge of
electricity
• Weldor = a person
who welds
 Arc Welding
• Electrodes = flux
coated metal rods
 Arc Welding
• Electrode Holder =
spring loaded device
with insulated handles
used to grip the
electrode
 Arc Welding
• Ground Clamp =
spring loaded clamp
that is attached to an
electrical cable
 Arc Welding
• Chipping Hammer
= steel hammer with
a sharp edge/point
and a wire brush
 Arc Welding
• Helmets = cover
your head and neck
region-- a # 10 shield
is required
 Arc Welding
• Safety Glasses =
must be worn under
the welding helmet
 Arc Welding
• Welding Gloves =
insulated gloves worn
to protect hands from
heat and sparks (not
100%)
Welding Process
 W=VXA
W = Watts = measure
of energy available
 W=VXA
V = Voltage =
measure of electrical
pressure
 W=VXA
A = Amp = rate of
flow of current
 Temperature
• Arc can be up to
9000 degrees F.
 Temperature
• Depends on:
–Arc Length
–Electrode type
–Amp Setting
–Base Metal
 Duty Cycle
• The percentage of time that a welder
can operate without overheating

• The number of minutes out of 60 that

a welder can operate at full capacity
 Duty Cycle
• The number of
minutes out of 60 that
a welder can operate
at full capacity
 AC/DC
• AC
–Alternating Current
–Rev. Direction
 AC/DC
• AC
-U.S. 60 Cycles per
second
 AC/DC
• AC
–Use Transformers to
step-down voltage
and increase amps
 AC/DC
• DC
–Direct Current
–Electricity flows in
one direction
 AC/DC
• DC
–Straight vs. Reverse Polarity
–Use Generators to produce
the DC
Electrode Coding
NEMA
• Uses color coding on
the rods
• 3 areas on the rod
Electrode Coding
AWS
• # coding system on
the rods
• Each # stands for
something
 E6013
•E = • 1 =
Electrode Welding
Position
• 60 =
•3 =
Tensile
Welding
Strength
Current
Flux
• Shields
Outside
gasses
Flux
• Combines
with metal
impurities
Flux
• Forms Slag
• Makes and
Maintains
Arc
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Temp of Base
Metal
–Adjust your Amps
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Electrode Diameter
and Flux Type
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Amps
–Select according to the
thickness of your metal
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Arc Length
–“Frying Bacon”
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Electrode Angle
–10 to 15 degrees
from vertical
 What Affects a
Weld Bead???
• Speed of Travel
–Even across the
metal
Arc Welding Safety
• Weld on a
proper surface
• Fire
Exting./blanket
nearby
Arc Welding Safety
• Surrounding
area???
• Wear all safety
equipment/gear