Nihongo 2 Adjectives

By : Mary Grace V. Delgado

 Japanese

English

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Objectives

At the end of the module, students should be

able to :
• Conjugate adjectives,
• Construct sentences with adjectives, and
• Use “soshite” and “ga” correctly in sentences.
Grammar Points

There are two groups of

Adjectives in the Japanese
language.

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Grammar Points

One group is composed of

adjectives ending in “NA”
and the other group is for
adjectives ending in “I”.

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Grammar Points

An example of a “NA-
ADJECTIVE” is beautiful
which is “KIREI NA” in
Japanese.

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Grammar Points

An example of an “I-
ADJECTIVE” is big which is
“OOKII” in Japanese.

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Grammar Points

Adjectives in the Japanese

language take different forms.
In other words, they may be
conjugated just like verbs in
the English language.

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Grammar Points

Conjugation of adjectives in
the Japanese language
depends on the adjective’s
grouping.

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 Grammar Points
Let’s first conjugate
“NA –ADJECTIVES”. For this
group, it is the copula verb
“DESU” which changes
depending on the description you
wish to use.

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Grammar Points
This means that you use :
• “DESU” if present-positive description,
• “JA ARIMASEN” if present-negative
description,
• “DESHITA” if past-positive description, and
• “JA ARIMASEN DESHITA” if past-negative
description.

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Grammar Points

Important to remember : for

this lesson, you drop / delete
the “NA” in conjugating.

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 Grammar Points
Let’s conjugate the “NA - ADJECTIVE” clean
which is also “KIREI NA” in Japanese:
• “KIREI DESU” if present-positive
description
• Equivalent in English to “is clean, am clean
or are clean”

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Grammar Points
• “KIREI JA ARIMASEN” if present-
negative description
• Equivalent in English to
“is not clean, am not clean or
are not clean”

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Grammar Points
• “KIREI DESHITA” if past-positive
description
• Equivalent in English to
“was clean, or
were clean”

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Grammar Points
• “KIREI JA ARIMASEN DESHITA” if
past-negative description
• Equivalent in English to
“was not clean, or
were not clean”

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Grammar Points

This time, let’s conjugate

“I- ADJECTIVES”. (This is a
little bit more challenging
than “NA-ADJECTIVES”.)

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Grammar Points
• I- ADJECTIVE + DESU if present-
positive description
• I-ADJECTIVE (last “i” is
dropped/deleted and changed to
“KUNAI + DESU) if present-negative
description.

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 Grammar Points
• I-ADJECTIVE (last “i” is dropped/deleted
and changed to KATTA+ DESU) if past-
positive description.
• I-ADJECTIVE (last “i” is dropped/deleted
and changed to KUNAKATTA+ DESU) if
past-negative description.

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 Grammar Points
Let’s take for example the “I-ADJECTIVE” hot
(temperature) which is ATSUI in Japanese.
For us Batanguenos, “mabanas” :-D
• ATSUI DESU if present-positive description
• Equivalent in English to “is hot or are hot”.

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 Grammar Points

• ATSUKUNAI DESU if present-

negative description
• Equivalent to “is not hot or are
not hot)

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Grammar Points

• ATSUKATTA DESU if past-

positive description
• Equivalent to “was hot or
were hot)

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Grammar Points

• ATSUKUNAKATTA DESU if past-

negative description
• Equivalent to “was not hot or
were not hot)

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Grammar Points

• ATSUKUNAKATTA DESU if past-

negative description
• Equivalent to “was not hot or
were not hot)

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Grammar Points
NA-ADJECTIVE I-ADJECTIVE

PRESENT-POSITIVE KIREI DESU ATSUI DESU

PRESENT-NEGATIVE KIREI JA ARIMASEN ATSUKUNAI DESU

PAST-POSITIVE KIREI DESHITA ATSUKATTA DESU

PAST-NEGATIVE KIREI JA ARIMASEN DESHITA ATSUKUNAKATTA DESU

 TO BE
CONTINUED…