Californea Bearing Ratio test

(CBR)

 Name: Zagros Othman Ali

 Geotechnical Engineering
 Date : 20/11/2019
 Email: zagros.osman7@gmail.com 1
Content
 Introduction

 Factor effecting

 Advantages and disadvantages

 Literature review

 Preparation of test

 Procedure of the test

 Calculation

 References

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Introduction

 The test is an empirical test which gives

an indication of the shear strength of a
soil. The great value of this test is that it
is comparatively easy to perform and
because of its wide use throughout the
world, there is a amount of data to assist
with the interpretation of results

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Factor effecting of the CBR
 CBR value decreases with the increase in the
plasticity index and optimum moisture content of
soil
 CBR increases with the increase in the maximum dry
density. (Talukdar, 2014)

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 ifthe laboratory test for CBR is not available or it need
CBR value at the earliest time , it can use this
parameter (LL,PL,PI,MDD,OMC ) which correlate to the
CBR. (Talukdar, 2014)

 CBR (soaked) = 0.127(LL) + 0.00 (PL) – 0.1598(PI)

+1.405(MDD) -0.259(OMC) + 4.618

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Advantages
 Wide acceptance as a measure of strength
 Many Pavement design and analysis procedures are based
on CBR value
 Soaked condition can be measured

Disadvantages:
 Laborious
 Limitation on maximum aggregate size
 Needs annual calibration (Feleke & Araya, 2016)

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Literature review

  
Heukelom and Klomp (1962) studied the correlation
of CBR with E and proposed on empirical relationship
as
E = 1500 CBR (Psi)

 Moreover, Powell et. al (1984) proposed a

correlation of the CBR with E as,
E = 17.6 (MPa)

NAASRA (1950) has been divided into two parts.

For CBR less than 5, E = 16.2 (MPa)
for CBR more than 5, E = 22.4 (MPa) 7
Literature review


  
Furthermore, putri and et al. (2012) developed the
correlation between E and CBR by poisson’s ratio by utilizing
the figure , which from modulus of elasticity it can be
determine modulus of subgrade reaction (Ks). (Putri, Rao, &
Mannan, 2012)

E = 863.82 CBR (kPa) , V=0

E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.3

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E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.4
Ks = 1.13 *
Literature review

 The AASHTO design guide suggests that the resilient modulus of fine-grained
soils can be estimated as (Heukelom and Klomp 1962):
 Mr (psi) = 1,500 CBR (1)
 In addition, there are various other relationships that are used around the
world: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Green and Hall 1975) Mr (psi) = 5,409
CBR0.71 (2)
 South African Council on Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Mr (psi) =
3,000 CBR0.65 (3)
 Transportation and Road Research Laboratory (TRRL) Mr (psi) = 2,555
CBR0.64
 It can take altimate bearing capacity from CBR by this equation CBR =
qu*/100 (Black, 1961)
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Preparation of test
 . Preparation of remoulded samples for the CBR test
can be made in several ways. However, commonly
used methods are described here:

(1) Static compression

(2) Dynamic compaction by

(a) using 2.5 or 4.5 kg rammer and

(b) using vibrating hummer
 Maximum grian size should be pass ¾ in if retained
more than 25% , it should be repeated.
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apparatus

 Load machine capacity at least 5000 kg with

pluger of 50 mm dia at rate 1.25mm/min
 Cylindrical mould: inner dia=150mm, h=175,
base plate=235mm, t=10 mm
 Extension Collar of 60mm height
 Spacer Disc
 Weights

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Procedure of test
 Place the mould assembly with test specimen on the lower
plate of penetration testing machine.
 Seat the penetration piston at the center of the specimen
with the smallest possible load
 Set the load and deformation gauges to read zero.the
penetration rate is about 1.25 mm/min.
 . Record the load readings at penetrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5,
2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 mm.

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13
calculation

Penetration plunger(mm) Standard load(kg)

2.5 1370

5 2055

C.B.R. = (PT/PS) X 100

Where
PT = Corrected test load corresponding to the chosen penetration from the load penetration
curve
PS = Standard load for the same penetration taken from the table above

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 Calculation

Example / from taking the data in the laboratory test by utilizing California bearing ratio
test
Determine ;
1) (CBR) at penetrating depth (2.5mm) if penetrating load =68.5 kg ?
2) calculate modulus of elasticity (E) ? if poisson ratio (V = 0 and 0.3 and 0.4) by putry
and et. (2012)
3) ratio of pressure imposed to the settlement on the soil (modulus of subgrade
reaction)(Ks) at each poisson ratio?
4) Estimate resilient modulus (Mr) and undrained shear strength (Su)

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 Calculation

  Solution / 

1) CBR = X 100

CBR = X 100

  CBR = 5 % at depth 2.5 mm

 

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 Calculation

2 ) E = 863.82 CBR (kPa) , V = 0

  E = 863.82 * 5 = 4319.1 Kpa

E = 840.53 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.3

E = 840.53 * 5 = 4202.65 Kpa

E = 751 CBR (kPa) , V = 0.4

E = 751 * 5 = 3755 Kpa

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 calculation

3)   Ks = 1.13 * , V=0


= = 1962.5 = 19.625 = area of flunger

Ks = 1.13 *

Ks= 1101.7 Kpa

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 Calculation

Ks  =
 1.13 * , V = 0.3
Ks = 1.13 *
Ks= 1210.66 Kpa

if V = 0.4
Ks = 1.13 *
Ks= 1311.6 Kpa

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calculation

4)
 M
  r = 1500 CBR (psi)
Mr = 1500 * 5
Mr = 7500 psi = 51.71 Mpa

CBR = 0.62 Su (Psi)

Su =
Su =
Su = 8.06 psi = 55.571 Kpa (Sukumaran & Kyatham, 2004)

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References
 Talukdar, D. K. (2014). A Study of Correlation Between California Bearing Ratio ( CBR )
Value With Other Properties of Soil. 4(1), 559–562.
 Feleke, G. G., & Araya, A. A. (2016). PREDICTION OF CBR USING DCP FOR LOCAL SUBGRADE
MATERIALS. International Conference on Transport and Road Research
 Putri, E. E., Rao, N. S. V. K., & Mannan, M. A. (2012). Evaluation of Modulus of Elasticity
and Modulus of Subgrade Reaction of Soils Using CBR Test. 2(1), 34–40.
 Sukumaran, B., & Kyatham, V. (2004). SUITABILITY OF USING CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO
TEST TO PREDICT RESILIENT MODULUS By. 1–9.
 Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Communications Roads and Highways Department.
(2001). standard test procedure (pp. 5.1 - 5.4). Ministry of Communications Roads and
Highways Department.
 Black, W. P. M. (1961). THE CALCULATIONOFLABORATORYANDIN-SITUVALUESOF. 14–21.
 http://www.iricen.gov.in/LAB/res/pdf/test-07.pdf
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCmMW73rP64&t=81s
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