INVENTORIES AND SURVEYS:

1REMEMBERING
. Researchers have
AND used surveysLEISURE
REPORTING to also measure thing
BEHAVIOR that
AND
ACTIVITY
prevent or constrain people’s leisure participation as well as
other aspects of leisure behavior and experience(Mannell &
Iwasaki).
2. In the case of non-leisure information,quality of life,work,and
family information may be collected.
3.The leisure activities were examined individually and grouped
by the researcher into six categories; mass media,social
activities,outdoor activities,sport activities,cultural activities and
hobbies.
4. This relationship was strongest for hobbies and cultural
activities.
 Cultural
Cultural
Mass
Mass media
media activities
activities

Sport
Sport Outdoor
Outdoor
activities
activities activities
activities

Social
Social Hobbies
Hobbies
activities
activities
 Traditional time-budget study using a behavioral-observer
Approach

Can provide a detailed picture of how people structure their time and
daily live and how leisure fits with the rest of life.

To know how participation time in these activities was influenced by

employed,married, or having small children, and if this impact differed
for men and women.

 When employed mothers were compared with employed fathers,

workloads balanced out on workdays.

Being employed,married, and having young children amplified the

different between the amount of leisure available to men and woman.
Modified time budget using a behavorial-participant approach

To simultaneously
An innovative measure leisure
behavior,setting,
ways of using
and time from both
time- diary external and
method internal defination
vantage points


 The
The same
same individual
individual can
can perceive
perceive the
the same
same activity
activity
differently
differently at
at different
different times.
times.

 An
An activity
activity whether
whether externally
externally defined
defined as
as leisure
leisure or
or non-
non-
leisure
leisure can
can bebe perceived
perceived as
as leisure
leisure on
on one
one occasion
occasion and
and
non-leisure
non-leisure onon another.
another.
Shaw(1984)
Shaw(1984)