University of Raparin

Faculty of basic education

English language department

Gender differences

By : Renas Rasull Supervisor :zanyar Maqsud

Dekan Faruq
Outline
• Introduction
• How Girls' Brains Work
• How Boys' Brains Work
• Single gender high schools
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Conclusion
What is Gender differences

Differences in gender learning styles have a foundation in differing

brain structures. Differences in academic achievement between
genders is often discussed in terms of math and science courses
Additionally, the difference between students in terms of behavior
and discipline is often highlighted as part of gender norms.
How Girls' Brains Work 

One difference between girls and boys is the presence of a larger corpus callosum in
girls, allowing for increased communication between the brain's hemispheres.
Additionally, neural connectors in girls increase memory skills, listening skills and
discrimination in tone. Writing and reading are supported by learning strengths of
girls' brains. On the other hand, skills needed for spacial-mechnical manipulation are
not as easily supported by the structure of the female brain
How Boys' Brains Work

The structure of the male brain includes more cortical areas associated with
spatial-mechanical function, which makes boys want to play with movement
through the space around them. Additionally, boys only use half the brain
space girls use for verbal-emotive functions. Boys' brains compartmentalize
learning, which affects the ability to multitask and transition between
activities. A boy's brain also produces less serotonin and oxytocin, which
makes them more physically impulsive and less likely to be able to sit still
in a classroom.
Single gender high schools

Single gender high schools give boys and girls an opportunity

to learn in an environment that is tailored to gender-specific
needs, although opinions vary on their effectiveness.
Supporters claim single gender schools allow students to
pursue learning with fewer non-academic distractions. Critics
point to the lack of research supporting long-term academic
gains to suggest single gender schools offer few benefits.
 Girls

Girls' high schools give young women an opportunity to focus less on issues such as appearance

or popularity and more on learning. According to the Parents League of New York, culture often

does not encourage young girls to develop aggressive, competitive personalities that are

associated with many scientific fields. Girls' schools give teenage girls an opportunity to explore

all subjects without fear of not fitting in. Offering young girls a supportive high school

environment, focused on their unique learning needs, may lead to even bigger gains in college

and beyond.
Boys

The academic pursuits of teenage boys can be easily distracted by social

pressures that may be less prevalent in an all-boys' environment. Boys may be
more inclined to pursue studies in performance arts or English when there are
fewer pressures to conform to societal norms. The International Boys' School
Coalition reports that there are innate differences in the ways boys and girls
learn. Boys' schools can cater to these differences by including more physical
activity into the curriculum and making allowances for boys' maturity levels,
which generally develop more slowly than girls'.
 Advantages

The academic pursuits of teenage boys can be easily distracted by social pressures
that may be less prevalent in an all-boys' environment. Boys may be more inclined
to pursue studies in performance arts or English when there are fewer pressures
to conform to societal norms. The International Boys' School Coalition reports that
there are innate differences in the ways boys and girls learn. Boys' schools can
cater to these differences by including more physical activity into the curriculum
and making allowances for boys' maturity levels, which generally develop more
slowly than girls'.
 Disadvantages

Critics of single-gender high schools fear that segregation of students

perpetuates gender stereotypes. Not all girls' or boys' individual
interests align with a gender-specific curriculum. Variables such as
parental influence or socio-economic level may play a bigger part in
the success of high school students than gender. Discipline issues
actually increase in some single-sex schools and test scores are often
not changed at all. Research reported by the U.S. Department of
Education states that long-term academic gains are not shown to exist
in same-sex schools and there is only limited evidence that benefits
can be measured at all.
Conclusion

Gender differences in the classroom Gender roles are the

patterns of behaviors, attitudes, and expectations associated
with a particular sex—with being either male or female. For
clarity, psychologists sometimes distinguish gender differences ,
which are related to social roles, from sex differences , which
are related only to physiology and anatomy.