DETERMINATION OF SOIL

MACRONUTRIENTS AND PH LEVEL

USING COLORIMETRY AND NAÏVE
BAYES ALGORITHM WITH PLANT
SUGGESTOR
 ANTOINE KARL G. BAGILIDAD
CELSO V. DRIO III
JOHN LLOYD M. LOPEZ
Background of the Study
• The nutrients found in soil are essential for plant survival. According
Nikki Tilley, Author of the The Bulb-o-licious Garden:
Nitrogen (N) – responsible for the growth of leaves on the plant.
Phosphorus (P) – responsible for root growth and flower and fruit
development
Potassium (K) – helps the overall functions of the plant to perform
correctly
 Background of the Study
• pH level is also important before adding NPK to the soil. According to
Leonard Perry of University of Vermont, pH influences several soil
factors affecting plant growth such as nutrient availability.

• According to Jessica Walliser of Savvy Gardening, the pH scale runs

from 0 to 14, with 7.0 being neutral. 0 to 6.9 are acidic, and those
between 7.1 and 14.0 alkaline.
Background of the Study

• If the pH is too acidic, certain nutrients

become less available while other
nutrients can become toxic.
• If pH is alkaline, the soil impedes the
availability of some nutrients.
Background of the Study
• Colorimetry is the science and technology quantifying the
description of human color perception (Agarwal et al, 2018).

• Using TCS3200 color sensor and Arduino Mega 2560, the ability of
recognizing the color is possible. The color recognition sensor is a
hardware device which senses the color of light using 8x8 array of
silicon photodiodes with red, green and blue filters. These values
from the array are then transformed to the square frequency
which is directly proportional to the intensity of light
(Kunhimohammed et al, 2015).
Background of the Study

• This Arduino compatible TCS3200 color sensor

module consist of a TCS3200 RGB sensor chip and
4 white LEDs. The main part of the module is
the TCS3200 chip which is a Color Light-to-
Frequency Converter. The white LEDs are used for
providing proper lighting for the sensor to detect
the object colour correctly. The TCS3200
chip consist of an 8 x 8 array of photodiodes.
Each photodiode have either a red, green, or blue
filter, or no filter.
 Background of the Study
Hex Code Decimal Code
Color
#RRGGBB (R,G,B) • A color's RGB value indicates its red, green, and
  #000000 (0,0,0)
  #FFFFFF (255,255,255)
blue intensity. The red, green and blue use 8
  #FF0000 (255,0,0) bits each, which have integer values from 0 to
  #00FF00 (0,255,0)
  #0000FF (0,0,255)
255 or in hexadecimal from 00 to FF.
  #FFFF00 (255,255,0)
  #00FFFF (0,255,255)
• This makes 256*256*256=16777216 possible
  #FF00FF (255,0,255) colors.
  #C0C0C0 (192,192,192)
  #808080 (128,128,128)
  #800000 (128,0,0) For example,
  #808000 (128,128,0)
  #008000 (0,128,0) (R,G,B)
  #800080 (128,0,128) Red [255,0,0]
  #008080 (0,128,128)
  #000080 (0,0,128) [#FF0000]
Background of the Study
• Android Studio is the official integrated development environment
(IDE) for Android application development. It is based on the IntelliJ
IDEA, a Java integrated development environment for software, and
incorporates its code editing and developer tools.
• Using an Android Application to control an Arduino using Wifi Shield
Module for connection.

Arduino w/ Wifi
Wifi Router/Modem Android Application Android Phone
Shield
Statement of the Problem
• The determination of soil nutrients and pH level is important to farmers for it
tells whether there is a depletion or sufficiency to the soil fertility. The testing of
soil requires laboratory facilities to identify the soil quality accurately.
• Testing of soil in laboratory facilities requires payment. The price varies
depending on the number of nutrients to be tested.
• Experience show that it requires at least 2 weeks or 10 working days before the
farmer get his result and recommended fertilizers.
• Soil Testing kit is available in the market but the determination of the primary
macronutrients is based on the subjective color recognition of the user of the kit.
• The economy of Carmona is generally agricultural but unfortunately it has no soil
testing laboratory in order to address the said problem.
Statement of the Problem
• The researchers proposal will provide equipment for soil analysis and
it shorten the waiting time for getting the results
rather than sending the soil to testing laboratory.
• It helps students for educational purposes and farmers to have this
equipment in order to know the right amount of fertilizers to be use.
• It gives a user friendly application in order to students and farmers
understand the application easily.
Objectives of the Study
Specifically, it aims:

• to identify the soil pH and NPK using Naïve Bayes algorithm;

• to suggest a plant based on the result given by the equipment;
• to aid the Department of Agriculture – Carmona, gardeners and
students to determine the soil NPK and pH;
• to reduce the time spent in waiting for the result in the laboratory;
• to recognize the color of the results with accuracy and precision using
color recognition sensor; and
• to create a low-cost equipment with higher efficiency.
THANK YOU!