MATH 9

Advanced Engineering Mathematics

LECTURE 1: Complex
Numbers (Part 1)

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Learning Objectives
At the end of the topic, students must be able to:
• Define the elementary number system, real and
complex numbers
• Identify and emphasize the relations of imaginary
number to complex numbers
• Determine the various techniques in solving complex
numbers using the integral powers of imaginary
number
• Calculate the various operations of complex numbers,
such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division.
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 Complex Numbers
•   Complex number is an Imaginary
ordered pair of real numbers and axis
written as where is the real part
and the imaginary part, written as  𝑧=𝑥 +𝑖𝑦
and

Equality of Imaginary Numbers

Two complex numbers are
equal if and only if their real parts Real
axis
are equal and their imaginary
parts are equal.

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 Complex Numbers
 Power of Imaginary Numbers

Example: Determine the value of the following:

 

1.
2.

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 Complex Numbers
Example: Determine the value of the following:
 

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 Complex Numbers
EXERCISE A. Determine the value of the
 

following:

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Addition of Complex Numbers Imaginary
Given two complex numbers: axis
 𝑧= 𝑥 +𝑖𝑦
 𝑧 1=𝑥 1+𝑖 𝑦1

 𝑧 2=𝑥 2+𝑖 𝑦2

Real
axis
 𝒛= 𝒛 𝟏 + 𝒛 𝟐= ( 𝒙 𝟏+ 𝒙 𝟐 ) +𝒊 ( 𝒚 𝟏+ 𝒚 𝟐 )

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Addition of Complex Numbers

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Subtraction of Complex Imaginary
Numbers axis
Given two complex numbers:  𝑧 1=𝑥 1+𝑖 𝑦1

 𝑧 2=𝑥 2+𝑖 𝑦2
 𝒛= 𝒛 𝟏 − 𝒛 𝟐=( 𝒙 𝟏 − 𝒙 𝟐 ) +𝒊 ( 𝒚 𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐 )
Real
axis

 𝑧= 𝑥 +𝑖𝑦

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 Imaginary Number
•  
Subtraction of Complex Imaginary
Numbers axis
Given two complex numbers:  𝑧 1=𝑥 1+𝑖 𝑦1
 𝑧= 𝑥 +𝑖𝑦

 𝑧 2=𝑥 2+𝑖 𝑦2

Real
 𝒛=𝒛 𝟐 − 𝒛 𝟏=( 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒙 𝟏 ) + ( 𝒚 𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒊 axis

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 Complex Numbers

•  
Subtraction of Complex
Numbers

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 Complex Numbers

•  
Subtraction of Complex
Numbers

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Multiplication of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Multiplication of Complex Numbers
Example: Find the product of the two complex numbers

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Multiplication of Complex Numbers
Example: Find the product of the two complex numbers

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Given two complex numbers:

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Example: Find for each pair of complex numbers.

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
Example: Find for each pair of complex numbers.

Find

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 Complex Numbers
•  
Division of Complex Numbers
EXERCISE B. Given the pairs of complex numbers.

Find

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 Complex Conjugate Numbers
•   The complex conjugate of a
complex number is .
 Then

  𝑧= 𝑥 +𝑖𝑦

 𝑧= 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑦

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 Complex Conjugate Numbers
•   The complex conjugate of a
complex number is .
 Then

  𝑧= 𝑥 +𝑖𝑦

 𝑧= 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑦

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 Complex Conjugate Numbers
 Prove that:
•  
Example: Given

  𝑧=3+2 𝑖

 𝑧=3 − 2 𝑖

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END OF PRESENTATION

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