Calculus chapter 4

4.3 Newton’s method

Used to approximate where
f(x)=0
Recursive formula for
Newton’s method
Use Newton’s method to
approximate
The fourth root of 10.
Use Newton’s method to
approximate
pi
Example
The sum of two non-negative
numbers is 30. Find the numbers
so the sum of their squares is a
max.
Example

A rectangle has perimeter 20 m.

Find the max area.
Example

A rectangular piece of cardboard

is formed into an open box by
cutting squares out of the corners.

Find the length of the side of the

square for min and for max
Example
An open box with a square base
has surface area = 108 in^2.

Find the dimensions for max

volume and find the max volume.
cylinder
Surface area=pi r^2 + 2 pi r h

Volume= pi r^2 h
The sum of the perimeters of
an equilateral triangle and a
square is 10. Find the
dimensions of each for min.
total area and for max. total
area.
4.4 rational functions
Graph completely
Example
Degree of numerator = degree of
denominator
Example
Degree of numerator = degree of
denominator
Example
Degree of numerator = degree of
denominator
Sketch the graph
Horizontal asymptote, y=0
f(-1)=-1
f’(-3), f’(2) DNE
f’(x)>0 (-3,2)
f’(x)<0 (2, infinity)
f’(x)<0 (- infinity, -3)
f’’(x)<0 (-3,-1)
f’’(x)>0 (-1,2)
f’’(x)>0 (2, infinity)
f’’(x)<0 (- infinity, -3)
4.4 Example
A rectangle has area 30 in^2.

Find the smallest perimeter.

Example

Find two positive numbers

whose product is 192 and
whose sum is a minimum.
Example

Find two positive numbers with

minimum sum and one number
is the reciprocal of the other.
Example

An open rectangular box has a

square base and volume=300
ft^3. Find the dimensions for
minimum surface area and also
find the surface area.
Example

A landowner wants a
rectangular field along a river
fenced off. He needs to have
180 000 area with least
perimeter. Find the dimensions
of the field.
Example

A one liter oil can is in the

shape of a right circular
cylinder. Find the least material
necessary to make the can.
Example

A rectangular swimming pool is to

be built with 6-ft borders at the
north and south ends and 10-ft
borders at the east and west sides.
If the total area available is 6000
sq.ft., what are the dimensions of
the largest water surface?
Finding max profit

Profit = revenue – cost

P(x) = r(x) – c(x)

Marginal revenue = dr/dx
Marginal cost = dc/dx

Theorem
Max profit occurs when
dr/dx =dc/dx
Example
An orchard has an average yield
of 25 bushels per tree when there
are at most 40 trees per acre.
When there are > 40 trees per
acre the average yield decreases
by ½ bushel per tree for each
tree > 40. Find the number of
4.5 functions with rational
exponents

Do not look
at the graph
on your
calculator.