PRESENTATION ON POWER SYSTEM

(POWER GENERATION)
BY:
ORIERE FIDELIS E.
MUHAMMAD JAMIU ATTA
CHIKEZIE CHUKWUMA D.
EJUMEGU SOLOMON ODION
EJIMOFOR ANTHONY ONYEBUCHI
SHIKLE NANLE NGURU
 POWER SYSTEM
(GENERATION)
INTRODUCTION
 Power system can be defined as an interconnected network
consisting of components which continuously converts
non-electrical energy into electrical energy from primary
generating sources (such as water, sun, gas, coal) and then
convey this electrical energy through a transmission
network to the end users in a safe manner such that the
delivered energy is reliable and economical.
 ELECTRICITY
GENERATION
ELECTRICITY GENERATION IS THE PROCESS OF
GENERATION ELECTRIC POWER FROM SOURCES OF
PRIMARY ENERGY . FOR ELECTRIC UTILITIES IN THE
ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY,IT IS THE FIRST STAGE IN
DELIVERY OF ELECTRICITY TO THE END USERS,THE
OTHER STAGES BEING
TRANSMISSION,DISTRIBUTION,ENERGY
CONSUMPTION.
 GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY

 Electricity generation occurs when generators, which are the generating units,
convert primary energy sources such as water, wind, sun and so on into electric
energy.
 Electricity generation is classified into the following units based on the available
primary energy sources:
 Hydro generation
 Thermal generation
 Generation from renewable sources.
 In Nigeria we generate our electricity mainly through Hydro and thermal
generation which involves the use of gas and water.
 HYDRO GENERATION

 In simple terms, electricity is generated from water when the kinetic energy of
moving water is used to propel the mechanical shaft of electric generators.
 We have four main types of hydro power generation system:
 Run-of-river hydro power: Here, flowing water is channeled from a river through
a canal or penstock to turn a turbine. This system of hydro power generation has
little or no storage facility.
 Storage hydro power: this is usually a large system which uses a dam to store
water in a reservoir. Electricity is the produced when the stored water is released
from the reservoir through a turbine, thereby activating a generator.
 Hydro generation cont’d

 Pumped-storage hydro power: This system provides a peak load supply, by

harnessing water which is cycled between a lower and upper reservoir by pumps
which use surplus energy from the system at times of low demand. At high
demands, water is released back to the reservoir through turbines to produce
electricity.
 Offshore hydro power (Tidal system): This is a system of hydro power generation
which uses tidal currents or power waves to generate electricity from sea water.
 THERMAL GENERATION

 The main primary sources used in this system are gas, coal, and nuclear sources.
 These primary source, which are chemical sources (or nuclear sources) are burnt
to convert chemical (or nuclear) energy into thermal energy.
 High pressure steam from heated water is then used to turn a steam turbine which
in turn drives the mechanical shaft of an alternating current generator which
produces electric power as its output.
GENERATION FROM RENEWABLE
SOURCES
 The various means of electricity generation from renewable sources include:
 Solar system
 Wind system
 Biomass system
 Geothermal system
 SOLAR SYSTEM

 This is electricity generation using light energy from the

sun.
 Light rays from the sun hits photovoltaic cells to generate
electricity through a process called photovoltaic emission.
 The main components involved in solar power generation
are: solar panel, deep cycle battery, inverter, and charge
controller.
 WIND SYSTEM

 This is the system of electricity generation whereby the

kinetic energy of the wind is harnessed in a wind turbine to
generate electricity.