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PHYSICS - Total Internal Reflection and Lenses
PHYSICS - Total Internal Reflection and Lenses
Lenses
Refraction of light by a
semi-circular block.
Refracted Ray
Angle of
R
Refraction
Angle of
I
Incidence
Incident Ray
Refraction of light by a
semi-circular block.
Refracted Ray
When a ray of light travels
through a semi-circular block,
the ray will be refracted ………
Angle of
R
Refraction
Angle of
I
Incidence
Incident Ray
Refraction of light by a
semi-circular block.
Refracted Ray
When a ray of light travels
through a semi-circular block,
the ray will be refracted ………
Angle of
R
Refraction
Incident Ray
Reflected Ray
There is now
more internal
reflection
Refraction of light by a
semi-circular block.
Snell’s Law
When light is
refracted, an increase
in the angle of
incidence i produces
an increase in the
angle of refraction r.
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
Snell’s Law
When light is
refracted, an increase
in the angle of
incidence i produces
an increase in the
angle of refraction r.
Sin i = constant
Sin r
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
Snell’s Law
Air i = 15o
Glass r = 10o
= 1.5
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
Snell’s Law
= 1.5 = 1.5
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
Snell’s Law
Air
Refractive Index = Sin i
Sin r i = 45o
RI =
1.33 ?
Water
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
RI = sin i
sin r
Air
Refractive Index = Sin i
Sin r 1.33 = sin 45o
i = 45 o
sin r
For
Critical a
angle medium ofIncident
refractive
Ray
index n: sin c = 1
n
c
Supplement
Refraction Calculations
For
Critical a
angle medium ofIncident
refractive
Ray
index n: sin c = 1
n
c
eg. What is the critical angle for diamond if the refractive index (n) = 2.42?
Focal length
Lenses and Refraction
F1 F
Lenses and Ray Diagrams
- Predicting where a convex lens will form an image.
object
F1 F
Lenses and Ray Diagrams
- Predicting where a convex lens will form an image.
F1 F
Lenses and Ray Diagrams
- Predicting where a convex lens will form an image.
F1 F
F1 F
The image
produced is
Standard Ray 3 – passes real, inverted
through F1, and then leaves and smaller
the lens parallel to the
principal axis.
than the
object.
Lenses and Ray Diagrams
- Predicting where a convex lens will form an image.
F1 F
The image
produced is
Standard Ray 3 – passes real, inverted
through F1, and then leaves and smaller
the lens parallel to the
principal axis.
than the
object.
F1 F
The image
produced is
Standard Ray 3 – passes real, inverted
through F1, and then leaves and smaller
the lens parallel to the
principal axis.
than the
object.
As the object is
moved closer towards
Only two of the the lens, the image
standard rays are becomes bigger and
required to work further away.
out where they go.
Uses of Convex Lenses
1. In a projector
Uses of Convex Lenses
1. As a magnifying glass
F1 F
Object
between F1
and lens
Uses of Convex Lenses
2. As a magnifying glass
F1 F
Object
between F1
and lens
Uses of Convex Lenses
2. As a magnifying glass The rays appear to be coming from a
position behind the lens. The image
is upright and magnified, and it is
called a virtual image because no
rays actually meet to form it and
the image cannot be formed on a
screen.
F1 F
The image Object
is virtual, between F1
upright and lens
and
magnified.
Ray Diagram for a Concave Lens
- Predicting where a concave lens will form an image.
F
Ray Diagram for a Concave Lens
- Predicting where a concave lens will form an image.
object
F
The image is
virtual,
upright and
diminished
(smaller
than the
object).