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SQL 00
SQL 00
SQL 00
Introduction To ORACLE
RDBMS
1-2
Types of Oracle Users
• Database Administrators
• Security Officers
• Network Administrators
• Application Developers
• Application Administrators
• Database Users
1-3
Database Administrators I
• Installing and upgrading the Oracle server and
application tools
• Allocating system storage and planning future
storage requirements for the database system
• Creating primary database storage structures
(tablespaces) after application developers have
designed an application
• Creating primary objects (tables, views, indexes)
once application developers have designed an
application
• Modifying the database structure, as necessary,
from information given by application developers
1-4
Database Administrators II
1-5
Database Administrators III
1-6
Tasks of a Database
Administrator
1-7
Tasks of a Database
Administrator
1-8
Database Objects
1-9
Database Objects
1-10
Native Datatypes
• Character Datatypes
– CHAR Datatype
– VARCHAR2 and VARCHAR Datatypes
– NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 Datatypes
– LONG Datatype
• NUMBER Datatype
• DATE Datatype
• LOB Datatypes
• RAW and LONG RAW Datatypes
• ROWID and UROWID Datatypes
1-11
SQL Overview
1-12
Oracle SQL Categories
1-13
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
• Retrieve data from one or more tables or views
(SELECT) (DQL)
• Add new rows of data into a table or view (INSERT)
• Change column values in existing rows of a table
or view (UPDATE)
• Update or insert rows conditionally into a table or
view (MERGE)
• Remove rows from tables or views (DELETE)
• See the execution plan for a SQL statement
(EXPLAIN PLAN)
• Lock a table or view, temporarily limiting other
users' access (LOCK TABLE)
1-14
Data Definition Language (DDL)
1-15
Transaction Control Statements
1-16
Session Control Statements
1-17
System Control Statements
1-18
Embedded SQL Statements
• Define, allocate, and release cursors (DECLARE
CURSOR, OPEN, CLOSE)
• Specify a database and connect to Oracle
(DECLARE DATABASE, CONNECT)
• Assign variable names (DECLARE STATEMENT)
• Initialize descriptors (DESCRIBE)
• Specify how error and warning conditions are
handled (WHENEVER)
• Parse and run SQL statements (PREPARE,
EXECUTE, EXECUTE IMMEDIATE)
• Retrieve data from the database (FETCH)
1-19