Geography

Longitude and Time

Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International Academy

Concept of Longitude
 Vertical mapping lines on Earth are lines of
longitude, known as "meridians".
 Longitude lines are a numerical way to
show/measure how far a location is east or west of
a universal vertical line called the Prime Meridian.

Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International Academy

Concept of Longitude
 Prime Meridian line runs vertically, north and
south, right over the British Royal Observatory in
Greenwich England, from the North Pole to the
South Pole.
 As the vertical starting point for longitude, the
Prime Meridian is numbered 0 degrees longitude.
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International Academy
Concept of Longitude
 To measure longitude east or west of the Prime
Meridian, there are 180 vertical longitude lines east of
the Prime Meridian and 180 vertical longitude lines
west of the Prime Meridian.
 longitude locations are given as __ degrees east or __
degrees west.
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International
Academy
Concept of Longitude

Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International Academy

Concept of Longitude
  Theyare in a gap of 1°
 Longitudes are semi circular
 Longitudes are not parallel

Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International

Academy
Understanding Standard Vs Local Time
Standard Time
It is the time followed all over the
country.
Its same everywhere in the country
Local Time
It is the time defined by the longitude
we have been living in.
Its not same in all over the country. It
is applicable in one degree longitude
only
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International Academy
Mathematics of Longitude
 24 hours = 1,440 minutes (1 hr = 60 minutes)
 There are 360 longitudes in the earth
 So that, 360°=1440 minutes
 1° longitude = 1440÷360=4 minutes.
 It means, in the gap of 1° longitude, we can notice
4 minutes time interval
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International
Academy
Mathematics of Longitude
 If both the longitudes are in the eastern hemisphere, reduce the
longitudes (-)
 If both the longitudes are in the Western hemisphere, reduce the
longitudes (-)
 If two hemispheres are in eastern and western hemispheres then add
both the longitudes.
 1 day=24 hours. It means, 1PM = 13 and 12 AM = 24
 The time of east is 12 hrs faster than the west. So, we have to add 12 hrs
while calculating time with the west.
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International
Academy
Example: It is 3PM in the eastern place called Madras having 80°
longitude. Find the time of New york which is situated in 75°
West.
Madras: 80°E = Time 3 PM
New York 75° W = Time ?
The difference between the longitudes:
80° + 75° = 155°
Time difference: 155° X 4= 620 minutes
630 minutes = 620/60= 10 hrs 20 minutes
New York is in the west so its time is late. Madras is in the east so, we have to add 12 hrs in its time to calculate
with the western time.
It Means:
(3 + 12)-10:20
=15:00-10:20
=04:40
So, it is 4:40 AM in New York.
Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International
Academy
Thank You
 Home Assignment:

Solve the time calculations from the book.

Prepared By: Madan Sharma, Nexus International

Academy