CONDITIONAL

MATA KULIAH BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN

OLEH
IKA MAULID NUR AHMAD, ST, MM
 Outline
• Boolean expression
• if statement
• nested if statement
• switch case statement
• Flowchart

2
 Boolean Expression

Boolean Expression
• Operators
– Comparison – Boolean
• Equal == • And &&
• Not equal != • Or ||
• Less < • Not !
• Greater >
• Less than or equal to <=
• Greater than or equal to
>=
0 and 0 = 0 0 or 0 = 0 not 0 = 1
0 and 1 = 0 0 or 1 = 1 not 1 = 0
1 and 0 = 0 1 or 0 = 1
1 and 1 = 1 1 or 1 = 1 3
Boolean Expression Example
• From the equation: X2+9X+10 = 0
– How can we check that value of X is the
answer for above equation?
((X*X +9*X +10) == 0) //true if X is the
answer

• Condition: Is value Y even number?

(Y%2 == 0) //true if Y is even
OR
(Y%2 != 1) //true if Y is even
4
 Boolean Expression

Example: Boolean Expressions

double x = 4.0;

Expression Value
x < 5.0 true
___________
x > 5.0 false
___________
x <= 5.0 true
___________
5.0 == x false
___________
x != 5.0 true
___________
(3!=4)&&(7<5) false
___________
(4>4)||(5<=10) true
___________
5
 Outline
Boolean expression
if statement
nested if statement
switch case statement
Flowchart

6
 if statement

if statement
Execute the specific statement when
the ”condition” becomes true
Syntax:
true
if (condition) if (condition) {
true
statement; statement1;
statement2;
if (condition) {
}
statement;
}
7
 if statement

if statement

if (condition)
statement; condition
False
True
if (condition) {
statement; Statement

8
 if statement

if statement

if (condition) {
statement1; condition
statement2; True False
} Statement1

Statement2

9
 if statement

if statement example
10

• BMI (Body Mass Index)

Weight in Kilograms
BMI =
(Height in Meters) X (Height in Meters)

BMI Weight Status

Below 18.5 Underweight
18.5 – 24.9 Normal
25.0 – 29.9 Overweight
30.0 and Above Obese (Extremely Fat)
10
 if statement

if statement example
BMI Weight Status
11
Weight in Kilograms Below 18.5 Underweight
BMI = 18.5 – 24.9 Normal
(Height in Meters) X (Height in Meters) 25.0 – 29.9 Overweight
30.0 and Above Obese (Extremely Fat)
double BMI = W /(H*H);
if(BMI<18.5)
Console.WriteLine(“Underweight”);
if(BMI>=18.5 && BMI<=24.9)
Console.WriteLine(“Normal”);
if(BMI>=25.0 && BMI<=29.9)
Console.WriteLine(“Overweight”);
if(BMI>=30.0)
Console.WriteLine(“Obese”);
 Menghitung BMI
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
double BMI, W, H;
printf("Berat badan anda (Kg) : " );scanf("%lf",&W);
printf("tinggi badan anda (Meter) : "); scanf("%lf",&H);
BMI = W/(H*H);
printf("Nilai BMI = %lf \n\n",BMI);
printf("Body Mass Index anda = ");
if(BMI <18.5)
printf("Underweight \n");
if(BMI>=18.5 && BMI<=24.9)
printf("Normal \n");
if(BMI>=25.0 && BMI<=29.9)
printf("Overweight \n");
if(BMI>=30.0)
printf("Obese \n");
return 0;
}
 if statement

if…else… statement
13

• If condition is true  execute statement1

• If condition is false  execute statement2
• Syntax:

if (condition) if (condition)
statement1; //true statement1; //true
else else {
statement2; //false statement2; //false
statement3; //false
}
 if statement

if…else… statement

condition
True False

Statement1 Statement2

if (condition)
statement1; //true
else
statement2; //false
14
 if statement

if…else… statement

condition
True False

Statement2
if (condition) Statement1
statement1; //true Statement3
else {
statement2; //false
statement3; //false
} 15
 if statement
if…else… statement
example
• Write the program which check input
number.
– input : integer number
– output : message to inform that
number is odd or even.
Value in N Output
Even Number It’s even number.
Odd Number It’s odd number.

16
 if statement
if…else… statement
example
Value in N Output
Even Number It’s even number.

Odd Number It’s odd number.

if(n%2 == 0)
Console.WriteLine(“It’s even number”);
else
Console.WriteLine(“It’s odd number”);

17
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int num;
printf("masukan sebuah bilangan : "); scanf("%d",&num);
if ( num%2 == 0 )
printf("bilangan genap \n");
else
printf("bilangan ganjil \n");
return 0;
}
 Outline
Boolean expression
if statement
nested if statement
switch case statement
FlowChart

19
 Nested if statement

Nested if statement
20

int N;
N = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
if#1
if (N >= 0)
{ if#2
if (N==0)
Console.WriteLine(“N is zero number”);
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is positive number”);
}
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is negative number”);
 Nested if statement

Nested if statement
21

int N;
N = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

if (N > 0)
Console.WriteLine(“N is positive number”);
if#1
else if#2
if (N==0)
Console.WriteLine(“N is zero number”);
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is negative number”);
 N 0
3
Nested if statement
-5
-5
0
3 N is positive
zero number
number
N is negative number
22

int N;
N = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

if (N >= 0) 30-5>=
>=00
{  False
True


if (N==0) False True
Console.WriteLine(“N is zero number”);
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is positive number”);
}
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is negative number”);
 Nested if statement
N -4
0
3
Nested if statement
0
3
-4 N is positive
zero number
number
N is negative number
23

int N;
N = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

if (N > 0) -4
0>
3 > 00 False
True
Console.WriteLine(“N is positive number”);

else
if (N==0) True
False
Console.WriteLine(“N is zero number”);
else
Console.WriteLine(“N is negative number”);
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int num;
printf("masukan sebuah bilangan : ");scanf("%d",&num);
if ( num >= 0 )
{ if (num == 0)
printf("bilangan nol \n");
else printf("bilangan positif \n");
}
else
printf("bilangan negatif \n");

return 0;
}
 Outline
Boolean expression
if statement
nested if statement
switch case statement
Flowchart

25
 switch...case statement

switch…case statement
26

• For selecting a statement where its label

corresponds to the value of the switch
expression.
switch (<expression>)
{
case <constant-expression> :
<expression> <statements>;
must be int, break;
char, string
[default:
<statements>;
break;]
}
 switch...case statement

Example: switch-case (1)

27
int day_num;
int day name Console.Write("Input the day");
day_num;
day_num = 302
1
1 Sunday int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

2 Monday switch(day_num) <expression>

{case 1:
3 Tuesday Console.Write ("Today is Sunday");
break;
4 Wednesday <constant-expression>
case 2:
5 Thursday
Console.Write("Today is Monday");
6 Friday break;
:
7 Saturday default :
Console.Write ("I don’t know");
break;
} 27
 case 6 :
#include <stdio.h>
printf("Hari Jumat");
#include <stdlib.h>
break;
case 7 :
int main()
printf( "Hari Sabtu");
{
break;
int day;
default :
printf("hari ke : ");scanf("%d",&day);
printf("Anda salah memasukkan hari ");
switch (day)
break;
{
}
case 1 :
printf("Hari Minggu");
printf("\n");
break;
return 0;
case 2 :
}
printf("Hari Senin");
break;
case 3 :
printf("Hari Selasa");
break;
case 4 :
printf("Hari Rabu");
break;
case 5 :
printf( "Hari Kamis");
break;
 switch...case statement

Convert switch-case to if else

29
switch version with default if else version
int a;
a= if (a == 1 || a == 2)
int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); Console.WriteLine("Hi");

switch (a) { else if (a == 3 || a == 4)

case 1 : Console.WriteLine("Hello");
case 2 :
else
Console.WriteLine("Hi"); Console.WriteLine("Bye");
break;
case 3 :
case 4 : switch version without default
Console.WriteLine("Hello");
switch (a) {
break;
default : case 1 :
Console.WriteLine("Bye"); case 2 :
break; Console.WriteLine("Hi");
} break;
}
 Outline
Boolean expression
if statement
nested if statement
switch case statement
Flowchart

30
 Flowchart

Flowchart Symbols Overview

31

• Graphical representation
Terminator
Process

Input/output

Condition

Connector
Flow line
 Flowchart

Program Flowchart Example

32

Start
Start

Statement1
Statement1

Statement2
Statement2

Statement3
Statement3

Statement4
Statement4

End
End
 Flowchart

if statement flowchart
33 Start
Start

statement1;
Statement1
Statement1
if (condition)
statement2; //true
else { Condition
Condition
true false
statement3; //false
} Statement2
Statement2 Statement3
Statement3
statement4;

Statement4
Statement4

End
End
 if statement flowchart
Start
Start

n= n=int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
if (n>0)
n= 2*n+5; n>0
n>0
true false
else {
Console.
Console.Write(“Go”); n=2*n+5;
n=2*n+5; Write(“Go”);
n = n%4;
} n=n%4;
n=n%4;

End
End 34
LATIHAN SOAL
 Soal 1
•Buat
  Program untuk menghitung nilai anda dengan
ketentuan sebagai berikut :
Nilai Total =
Nilai :
A = Nilai Total ≥ 90
B = Nilai Total ≥ 80
C = Nilai Total ≥ 65
D = Nilai Total ≥ 50
E = Nilai Total < 50
 Soal 2
Buat program untuk menentukan bilangan
terbesar dari 3 buah bilangan