WELCOME TO MY PRESENTATION

MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY USING

NATURAL COAGULANTS

Paper ID: 97

Authors: Presented By:

Anika Bushra

Md. Niamul Bari

Anika Bushra
Md. Mahmudul Hasan
 BACKGROUND
Water is our most precious resource. The cleanliness of our lakes,
rivers and oceans is one of the pressing goals for environmental
protection.

Everyday huge quantity of wastewater is producing in municipal

area and discharge without treatment of this wastewater in the
natural receiving bodies creates environmental hazard.
 BACKGROUND
In wastewater treatment, coagulation has been practiced since
earliest times and the primary purpose of the coagulation
process is the removal of turbidity from the water.

Hence nowadays, there has been great attention in the

improvement and implementation of natural coagulants in
wastewater treatment. These natural coagulants can be formed
or extracted from animal, microorganisms and also plant.
 BACKGROUND
Natural coagulants are mostly carbohydrates (polysaccharides)
and proteins. Natural coagulants usage is profitable since the
treatment low costs, the steady pH levels in the treated water and
because they are highly biodegradable.

A prime concern of the environmental engineer today, is how to

lower the coagulants cost.
 BACKGROUND
In this present study an attempt has been made to analyze the
effect of Acacia nilotica, Moringa oleifera, banana stem,
banana peels and Ficus carcia as a primary coagulant in
clarifying municipal wastewater in coagulation process at its
optimum speed.
 OBJECTIVE
The specific objectives are listed as follows:

i. To characterize the municipal wastewater of Rajshahi City.

ii. To select the locally available material as potential coagulant for

the treatment of municipal wastewater.

iii. To determine the optimum speed for the treatment of municipal

wastewater.
 METHODOLOGY
Materials Collection and Preparation :
The plant based natural coagulants
such as
 Acacia nilotica,
(a) (c)
 Moringa oleifera,
 banana stem,
(b)
 banana peels and
 Ficus carcia
(d) (e)
were used as coagulant
Figure 1:Natural coagulants: (a) Banana
peels, (b) Banana stem, c) Moringa
oleifera, d) Acacia nilotica and (e) Ficus
 METHODOLOGY
Wastewater Sample Collection and Characterization :
Wastewater samples were collected from five different primary drains located
near Rajshahi City Corporation area.The collected Wastewater samples were
characterized before going for treatment.
Experimental Instrument :
The bench top Jar-Tester (Model: SF6 and
power 220V, 50Hz) was used for coagulation
experiment (Figure 2).

Figure 2 : Jar-Tester (Flooculators)

Treatment :
METHODOLOGY
The treatment process was divided into one part and that
was variation in contact speed. Wastewater samples of 100
ml were taken in 500 ml flask.
Speed Variation :
The speed was varied as 30 rpm, 50 rpm, 70 rpm, 90 rpm and
110 rpm while coagulant dose was kept fixed at 75 mg/l and
contact time at 30 minutes.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Characteristics of Raw Wastewater
Table 1: Characteristics of raw wastewater collected from different municipal
drains Considering the
Sampling TDS TSS Turbidi pH Alkalin Conductivity all parameters, it
location (mg/l) (mg/l) ty ity (micro- is found that
(NTU) (mg/l) mohoes/cm) sample collected
Padma garden 1100 100 31.00 6.08 240 2025 from the primary
drain near the
Suvo filling
station 912 88 27.10 6.85 215 1800 Padma garden is
Dorgapara 633 77 16.48 7.11 230 1900 more polluted
Bornali 829 71 25.71 7.14 220 1950 compared to
Talaimari 740 60 22.90 7.45 225 2025 others.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
R e m o v a l o f T D S (% } Effect of speed :
Total dissolved solid of the sample
80 is reduced considerably, being
70
highest 759 mg/l (69%) for 150
60

50
rpm for Ficus Carcia coagulant
40 which is within maximum
30
permissible limit
20

10

0
0rpm 30rpm 50rpm 70rpm 90rpm 110rpm 130rpm 150rpm

Figure 3: Removal of TDS with variation of

speed for different coagulants
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
R e m o v a l o f T S S (% ) Total Suspended solid of the
sample is reduced
80 considerably, being highest 75
70
mg/l (75%) for 110 rpm, 130
60
rpm and 150 rpm of speed
50

40
with Banana stem coagulant
30 and it is within maximum
20 permissible limit.
10

0
0rpm 30rpm 50rpm 70rpm 90rpm 110rpm 130rpm 150rpm

Figure 4: Removal of TSS with variation

of speed for different coagulants
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
R e m o v a l o f t u r b id it y (% ) From figure 5 it can be said that
effect of speed on removal of
turbidity is quite same after 90
rpm of speed. Turbidity from
100
90 wastewater sample is reduced
80
70
60
considerably being highest 0.31
50
40
30
NTU (99%) for 110 rpm, 130
20
10
rpm and 150 rpm for Ficus carcia
0
0rpm 30rpm 50rpm 70rpm 90rpm 110rpm 130rpm 150rpm
and Banana stem coagulants.

Figure 5: Removal of turbidity with variation of

speed for different coagulants
 CONCLUSION
It could be concluded from the obtained results that municipal
wastewater of Rajshahi City Corporation area is highly turbid (16.5 to
31 NTU) due to the presence of large amount of suspended and
dissolved solids. In this study, about 69% removal of TDS, 75%
removal of TSS and 99% removal of turbidity was achieved.
Therefore, all five selected materials Moringa oleifera, Acacia
nilotica, Ficus Carcia, banana stem and banana peels are found to be
potential coagulants for the treatment of municipal wastewater of
Rajshahi city. The optimum speed is obtained to be of 110 rpm for all
types of materials used as coagulants for the maximum removal of
TSS, TDS and turbidity.
THANK YOU ALL