FOOD AND

NUTRITION
KENISHA.H.JOSHI
INTRODUCTION
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional
support to an organism. Food is usually of plant or
animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals.
Animals and plants are the two main sources of food.
Parts of the plants like roots, seeds, fruits etc are food
we get from plants.
Eggs, milk, meat, etc are the food that we get from
animals.
HOW DOES OUR BODY USE THE FOOD
Digestion is process through which the complex food
material is broken into simple nutrients which our body
can absorb.
Each nutrient plays an important role in supporting the
organ systems.
NUTRIENTS AND THEIR ROLE
Essential nutrients are compounds that the body can’t make
and these nutrients must come from food, and they’re vital for
disease prevention, growth, and good health.
While there are many essential nutrients, they can be broken
into two categories: macronutrients and micronutrients.
Macronutrients are eaten in large amounts and include the
primary building blocks of your diet — protein, carbohydrates,
and fat — which provide your body with energy.
Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients, and small doses go
a long way. There are six main groups of essential
micronutrients and macronutrients.
 DEFICIENCY DISORDERS
If the body does not get required amount of any
nutrient, it results in deficiency disorders. If not
treated, this can be very dangerous and can result in
permanent loss of any organ functions.

Vit-A Deficiency Leads to blindness Can be taken care by increasing Vit A

rich food in diet in food.ncr
Vit-C Deficiency Leads to Scurvy and Can be taken care by adding citrus fruits
effects the iron and vit c supplements in our food.
absorption in food
Iron Deficiency Leads to Anemia Add green leafy vegetables, Apple and
other iron rich food with vit-c rich food to
enhance the absorption of iron.
Calcium Osteoporosis/Weak Can be taken care by increasing calcium
Deficiency bones source and Vit D.
TYPES OF DIETS
 Different types of nutrient requirements according to age groups /
deficiencies etc needs to be taken care by designing different types of
diets. Below mentioned are some of the different types of diets.
Paleo Diet Popular weight loss diet in which
the intake of sugar is stopped.

Deficiency This diet is designed according to the

Diet deficiency that body has.

Bland Diet Low spice and salt food, especially for

people with ulcer .

High Protein For people doing more workouts and

Diet physically weak people..

Low protein For people suffering from kidney

Diet disorders.
FOOD PRESERVATION
There are different techniques of food preservation. It helps us to store
the available food for a longer time.
List of techniques:
1.Drying: The grains and many other things are dried in sun/machines.
2.Freezing:The food is stored below zero degree to retain the freshness
with preservation of food.
3.Addition of chemicals: The food can also be presererved by adding
certain chemical to it.
4.Canning: The food is packed in cans and heated to destroys any
microbes present so that it does not decay.
 ITLAN FOOD INTRODUCTION
. Italian cuisine has a tradition of dishes based on
wheat products (such as bread and pasta), vegetables,
cheese, fish, and meat, usually prepared in such a
manner as to preserve their ingredients' natural
qualities, appearance, and taste.
POLULARITY
In a survey of 24 countries, pizza and pasta take the
top spot – closely followed by Chinese and Japanese
cuisine. An international You Gov study of more than
25,000 people in 24 countries finds
that pizza and pasta are among the most popular
foods in the world, as Italian cuisine beats all
comers .Mar 11, 2019
 Famous Dishes of Italian Cuisine
Pizza Varieties
Pasta varieties.
Garlic bread varieties
Zuppe e salse (soups and sauces)
Pane (bread)
Rice dishes.
Pesce (fish dishes)
Carne (meat dishes)
Pizza, pasta, garlic bread and many other dishes are famous
everywhere in the world.
 COOKING METHOD
The most common techniques in Italian cooking are:
Boiling or simmering: food is cooked in hot water.
Examples of this include pastas, rice, vegetables, and tough
but flavorful cuts of meat.
The other cooking process include baking and frying.
 Nutritional Value
The Italian dishes includes lot of vegetables and hence has
lot of vitamins in it.
Many of the recipes include cooking methods like baking
and boiling which is a healthy cooking style.
The dishes includes wheat flour and hence is carbohydrate
rich.
It includes cheese and meat in many dishes and hence the
food is protein rich.
 South Indian Cuisine
Indian Cuisine is filled with a large varieties of dishes and is
further popular with the particular place these dishes come
from.The south indian cuisine includes the states from southern
part of India- Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andrapradesh etc.
The similarities among the five states' cuisines include the
presence of rice as a staple food, the use of lentils and spices,
dried red chilies and fresh green chilies, coconut, and native
fruits and vegetables including tamarind, plantain, snake gourd,
garlic, and ginger.
The traditional style of serving the food on a banana leaf further
adds beauty to this cuisine.
 Famous Dishes
Dosa Varities with chutney
Idli Sambhar
Pulivogare
Pulav
Biriyani
Payasa and many more.
NUTRITIONAL VALUE
The south indian dishes have rice as main constituent
and hence is carbohydrate rich.
Many dishes includes large amount of different types
of vegetables and hence is vitamin rich.
It includes lentils as a main part and hence the food is
protein rich.
 POPULAR DISHES
Dosas: paper-thin crepes. ...
Idlis: steamed rice cakes. ...
Vadas: savoury doughnuts. ...
Uttapams: pizza-pancake hybrids.
Banana chips: crisps with a twist. ...
Malabar parotta with Kerala-style beef: flat bread and spicy beef.
 COOKING METHOD
•The south indian cuisine includes
shallow frying, boiling, steaming, and
other methods.

...
DISEASES CAUSED FROM FOOD
Food borne illness, more commonly referred to as food
poisoning, is the result of eating contaminated, spoiled, or
toxic food. The most common symptoms of food poisoning
include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, botulism, etc.
 MY MEAL PLAN FOR A WEEK
DAY Break Snack Lunch Snack 2 Dinner Snack
fast 1 3
Mon Milk 1 cup Veg upma Roti 2 with Milk and Roti 2 with Milk
Almond 5 veg cookies paneer

Tue Milk 1 cup Poha with Roti and Milkshake Rice, dhal Milk
Almond 5 fruits Sabji and papad

Wed Milk 1 cup Panner Rice and dhal Mango shake Kadhi and Milk
Almond 5 paratha and cookies rice

Thu Milk 1 cup Idly sambhar Dosa chutney Banana Chola milk
almond 5 milkshake bhatura

Fri Milk 1 cup Poha utpam Bhel puri Malai khofta Milk
Almond 5 and roti

Sat Milk with upma pasta Strawberry Chola rice milk

almond 5 shake
Sun Milk upma Roti 2 with Mix fruit Pizza Milk
veg shake