AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

TYPES

 Fluid flywheel

 Torque converter
FLUID FLYWHEEL
 FLUID FLYWHEEL
 Replaces a clutch.
 Power flows through a fluid instead of mechanical
device.
 Consists of driving and a driven member both bowl
shaped, immersed in a fluid contained in a casing.
 Driving unit is linked to the engine crankshaft and
sets the oil into motion when the throttle is opened.
 Consists of split housing driven by the engine.
 Turbine is attached to the gearbox clutch shaft and it
is inside the housing.
Cont…
 Turbine acts as a driven member.
 Driving member rotation is forced to the driven
member and it is used to rotate the vanes.
 Speed of the driven member depends on the driving
member speed.
 Slip percentage is about 2-4%.
ADVANTAGES

 Smooth transmission.
 Elimination of clutch pedal.
 Less maintenance.
 Transmission shocks are absorbed by the fluid.
DISADVANTAGES

 Overloading of engine.

 Slip is greater at lower speeds.

TORQUE CONVERTER
TORQUE CONVERTER
 Consists of pump, stator and turbine.
 Pump and turbine are placed very close together and covered
by a housing.
 Space between the pump and the turbine is filled with fluid.
 When the engine is running, the pump rotates with the
flywheel, the fluid thrown off the blades of the fast moving
pump hits the blades on the turbine with sufficient force to
make it to rotate.
 Faster the engine runs, the stronger the flow of oil from the
pump to the turbine and the faster the shaft will run.
Cont…
 Engine thrown off to idle speed, the fluid thrown off is unable
to make the turbine rotate.
 Stator is used to increase the torque.
 Oil thrown off the turbine hits the stator blades, they guide it
back towards the pump which in turn redirects the oil back
towards the turbine.
 Stator is needed when the pump and the turbine are rotating at
different speeds.
 When they are turning at the same speed, there is little fluid
flow to be redirected and thus no need for the stator.
Cont…
 Stator is attached to the reaction shaft through a one way roller
clutch.
 When the vehicle is accelerating from a stop, the fluid leaves
the turbine at an angle to strike stator on the back of its blades.
 As the vehicle nears cruising speed, the fluid leaves the turbine
at a different angle so that it strikes the front of the stator
blades and it causes to rotates the pump.
 Torque converter increases engine torque a great deal when the
difference in speed between the pump and turbine is great.
 Little torque increases, if the difference is slight.