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Origin of The Ottomans
Origin of The Ottomans
Shajeer. S
Associate Professor & H.O.D
Dept. Of Islamic History
University College
Thiruvananthapuram
Ottoman Empire At Its Height
Ottoman Empire
Established in 13th century and continued
up to 20th century
One of the long lasted empires of the
world
Became the custodian of Islamic
Caliphate and the champion of the cause
of Islam
Came to an end in 1922 by the abolition
of Sultanate
Turkish origin of the Ottomans
Descended the mass nomads who lived in the
Altai mountains near outer Mongolia
Followed a primitive civilization
Based on tribal organization and lacked formal
organs of government like the advanced societies
Leadership was entrusted with the ‘Khan’
Followed Shamanistic belief
Worship of natural elements
Shaman – a priest with super natural powers to
control the spirits
Turkish Home Land
Turkish Migration
Turkish migration to the neighbouring
steppes in the 2nd century B.C
Changing political , climatic and economic
conditions in the Altai mountain region
The nomads who moved to the South and
west towards Europe, Middle East and
Central Asia came to be called Oguz
The people who had to face their attack
called this new people as Turkoman or Turks
Transoxania became the stage for Turkish
migration in the middle east
The Seljuk Dynasty
A group of Turks entered the middle east by 10th
century
Battle of Manzikart in 1071- defeat of the
Byzantines by Turks under Alp Arslan
Turkish settlement following the battle
Rise of the Seljuk dynasty-Alp Arslan
Later became the protectors of the Abbasid Caliphs
at Baghdad
Tughril Beg forced the Abbasid caliph to make him
the protector of Islam and recognise as Sultan.
Asia Minor- Turkish Settlement
following the battle of Manzikart