Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MLC (Maritime Labour Convention)
MLC (Maritime Labour Convention)
CONVENTION 2006
PERTEMUAN
PERTEMUANIII
PERATURAN TENAGA KERJA MARITIM
MARITIME LABOUR CONVENTION
ILO was created in 1919, as part of the Treaty of Versailles
that ended World War I, based on social justice. (Concern to
Labour Condition)
- 1946 first “Specialised Agency”
The ILO organizes the International Labour Conference in
Geneva every year where conventions and recommendations
are crafted and adopted.
The Only Tripartite
Specialized Agency
185 State Members
All decisions on tripartite basis
Each country represented by
Government representatives
Most representative organization of
workers
The International Transport Workers' Federation
(ITF) is a global union federation of transport workers'
Most representative organization of
employers
Professional Employer Organization (PEO)
WHAT ILO DOES
SINCE 1920 UNTIL 2001 PRODUCED MORE THAN 30 CONVENTIONS AND
RECOMENDATIONS AS FOLLOW.
1. Minimum Age (Sea) Convention, 1920 (No. 7)
2. Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920 (No. 8)
3. Placing of Seamen Convention, 1920 (No. 9)
4. Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921 (No. 16)
5. Seamen's Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926 (No. 22)
6. Repatriation of Seamen Convention, 1926 (No. 23)
7. Officers' Competency Certificates Convention, 1936 (No.53)
8. Holidays with Pay (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 54)
9. Shipowners' Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen) Convention, 1936 (No. 55)
10. Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 56)
11. Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1936 (No. 57)
12. Minimum Age (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1936 (No. 58)
13. Food and Catering (Ships' Crews) Convention, 1946 (No. 68)
14. Certification of Ships' Cooks Convention, 1946 (No. 69)
15. Social Security (Seafarers) Convention, 1946 (No. 70)
16. Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention, 1946 (No. 72)
17. Medical Examination (Seafarers) Convention, 1946 (No. 73)
18. Certification of Able Seamen Convention, 1946 (No. 74)
19. Accommodation of Crews Convention, 1946 (No. 75)
20. Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1946 (No. 76)
21. Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 91)
22. Accommodation of Crews Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 92)
23. Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1949 (No.93)
24. Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958 (No. 109)
25. Accommodation of Crews (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1970 (No 133)
26. Prevention of Accidents (Seafarers) Convention, 1970 (No. 134)
27. Continuity of Employment (Seafarers) Convention, 1976 (No. 145)
28. Seafarers' Annual Leave with Pay Convention, 1976 (No. 146)
29. Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976 (No. 147)
30. Protocol of 1996 to the Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976 (N
o. 147)
Konvensi ini mengemukakan hak2 pelaut berkaitan dengan kondisi kerja pelaut
yang layak dan membantu untuk menciptakan persaingan yang fair diantara
pemilik kapal
IMO ILO
S M
S M
O A
T
L R
C L
A P
O
W C
S
L
Feb. 2006
MLC 2006 MLC 2006
30 countries enter into
adopted
ratified,
force
with more than
33%
.
of the world
tonnage .
.
Sampai dengan tanggal 1 Juli 2013 jumlah negara yang telah meratifikasi MLC 2006
telah mencapai 43 negara.
Berikut ini adalah daftar negara-negara yang telah meratifikasi MLC 2006, sebagaimana
dirilis oleh ILO.
1. Antigua Barbuda
2. Australia , 3 Bahamas, 4. Barbados, 5. Benin , 6. Bosnia Herzegovina, 7.Bulgaria,
8. Canada, 9.Croatia, 10. Cyprus, 11.Denmark, 12.Fiji, 13.Finland, 14 France,
15.Gabon, 16.Greece,17. Kiribati,
18. Latvia, 19.Lebanon, 20.Liberia,
21. Luxemboureg 22. Malta. 23 Marshall Islands, 24. Morocco, 25. Netherlands ,26.
Nigeria
27 Norway 28.Palau 29. Panama. 30 Philippines 31. Poland 32.Russia Federation,
33.Saint Kitts Nevis,
34. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
35. Serbia
36. Singapore
37. South Africa
38. Spain
39. Sweden
40. Switzerland
41. Togo
42. Tuvalu
43. Vietnam 44 Indonesia meratifikasi dengan UU no 15 tahun 2016
Structure. MLC 2006 T
Terdiri dari tiga bagian yang berbeda tetapi saling berkaitan yakni yaitu pasal2,
(Artcles) regulasi (regulations) dan Code. Articles dan Regulation berkaitan
dengan kewajiban dasar, serta hak dari negara yang telah
meratifikasi.
Sedangkan Code mendiskripsikan bagaimana persyaratan2 di
emplementasikan dan terdiri terdiri :
Part A ; yang bersifat Mandatori
Part B : Rekomendasi
Artcle terdiri dari 16 articles sbb
Article I General Obligation
Article II Definitions and scope of application
Article III Fundamental rights and principles
Article IV Seafarers’ employment and social rights
Article V Implementation and enforcement responsibilities
Article VI Regulations and Parts A and B of the Code
Article VII Consultation with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations
Article VIII Entry into force
Article IX Denunciation
Article X Effect of entry into force
Article XI Depositary functions
Article XII Director –general of ILO com to UNO
Article XIII Special Tripartite Committee
Article XIV Amendment of this Convention
Article XV Amendments to the Code
Article XVI Authoritative language
Artcle terdiri dari 16 articles sbb
Article I General Obligation
Article II Definitions and scope of application
Article III Fundamental rights and principles
Article IV Seafarers’ employment and social rights
Article V Implementation and enforcement responsibilities
Article VI Regulations and Parts A and B of the Code
Article VII Consultation with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations
Article VIII Entry into force
Article IX Denunciation
Article X Effect of entry into force
Article XI Depositary functions
Article XII Director –general of ILO com to UNO
Article XIII Special Tripartite Committee
Article XIV Amendment of this Convention
Article XV Amendments to the Code
Article XVI Authoritative language
Code, The details for the implementation of regulation (berisi hal yang rinci
untuk meng-emplementasikan regulasi)
4 regulasi
Title 4:Health protection, medical care, welfare and social security protection,
(perlindungan kesehatan, perawatan medis, kesejahteraan , jaminan
sosial terdiri dari 5 regulasi.
Seafarers shall not work on a ship unless they are certified as medically fit
to perform their duties.
Pelaut tidak dapat dipekerjakan di kapal kecuali mereka dinyatakan fit
melaksanakan tugas dikapal.
If the period of validity of a certificate expires in the course of a voyage, the certificate shall
continue in force until the next port of call where the seafarer can obtain a medical
certificate from a qualified medical practitioner, provided that the period shall not exceed
three months
1.3 Training and qualification
Purpose: To ensure that seafarers are trained or qualified to carry out their duties on
board Ship
Untuk memastikan bahwa pelaut telah dilatih atau mampu untuk melakukan
tugas mereka di kapal
Para pelaut hrs telah dilatih untuk melakasnakan tugasnya dan juga telahmengikuti
personal safety training (STCW)
1. Seafarers shall not work on a ship unless they are trained or certified as
competent or otherwise qualified to perform their duties.
2. Seafarers shall not be permitted to work on a ship unless they have
successfully completed training for personal safety on board ship.
3. Training and certification in accordance with the mandatory instruments
adopted by the International Maritime Organization shall be considered as
meeting the requirements of paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Regulation..
INDONESIA
diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan No.PM 84 Tahun 2013 tentang
Perekrutan dan Penempatan Awak Kapal
Apa yang terjadi apabila pelaut di rekrut dari negara yang belum meratifikasi
MLC 2006?
Berdasarkan R.1.4 ayat 3 dan standard A 1.4, ayat 9 MLC 2006,
pemilik kapal yang merekruit pelaut dari perusahaan yang ada di
negara yang belum meratifikasi MLC 2006 maka sedapat mungkin
memastikan bahwa perusahaan tersebut sesuai persyaratan yang
ada dalam standard A1.4
Konvensi ini mencakup regulasi perikrutan melalui manning agen swasta atau
melalui serikat buruh yang tergabung dalam ITF juga pemilik kapal dapat
melakukan sendiri.
Kalau melalui agen, bagaimana mengetahui agen perikrutan dapat diandalkan?
Perjanjian kerja hrs jelas, sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum dan hrs
sesuai CLA (apabila ada.) dan harus dimasukan dalam sijil. Asli
PKL untuk Pelaut . Salinan harus ada di kapal Nama lengakp,tgl
lahir pelaut nama dan alamat pemilik
Jabatan, jumlah gaji dan perhitungan jumlah cuti
KPI pada tanggal 12 oktober 2012 telah menanda tangani CBA dengan
Nautilius International (Asosiasi Perusahaan Pelayaran Belanda)
Dan juga dengan (Netherlands Maritime Employers Association/NMEA)
Who must sign a seafarers’ employment agreement (SEA)? the
seafarers‘ employment agreement (SEA) must be signed by both
the seafarer and the shipowner or a representative of the
shipowner.
Upah atau gaji pokok adalah untuk jam kerja normal tidak melebihi 8 jam
per hari dan tidak lebih dari 48 jam per minggu
Pelaut pada kapal yang sama gajih harus sama sesuai dengan tingkatnya
Tidak ada pengurangan yang dapat dilkukan terhadap gaji pelaut termasuk
untuk beaya mendapatkan pekerjakan kecuali ada aturan nasional yang
mengatur.
Reg. 2.3 Rest hours:
Purpose: To ensure that seafarers have regulated hours of work or
hours of rest
Rest hours should be implemented in national legislation. The
maximum hours of work in that legislation should not exceed 14 hours in
any 24-hour period and 72 hours in any seven-day period, or: ten hours in
any 24-hour period and 77 hours in any seven-day period. Furthermore
every day, at least six hours of rest should be given consecutively.
Jam kerja maksimal: Pelaut tidak boleh bekerja lebih dari 14 jam dalam
satu periode 24 jam atau
Tidak boleh bekerja bekerja lebih dari 72 jam dalam periode tujuh hari.
Jam istirahat minimal 10 jam istirahat dalam periode 24 jam
atau paling sedikit 77 jam istirahat dlm periode tujuh hari.
Untuk itu perlu diperhatikan mengingat adanya kewajiban untuk
mencatat jam istirahat bagi pelaut dikapal yang nantinya akan
diperiksa oleh PSC
(Mandatory to maintain record of individual seafarers’ rest hr. It’s
will be inspected by PSC)
Pelaut harus diizinkan dibayar cuti tahunan * sesuai dengan hukum dan peraturan
nasional yang menerapkan MLC, 2006.
Seafarers must be allowed paid annual leave * in accordance with national laws
and regulations implementing the MLC, 2006.
Reg.2.5 Repatriation: Returning to their country of residence should be free
Purpose: To ensure that seafarers are able to return home
Jika perjanjian kerja pelaut berakhir, sementara mereka berada di luar negeri;
Reg.2.6 Seafarer compensation for the ship’s loss or foundering
2.7. Manning
Purpose: To ensure that seafarers work on board ships with sufficient
personnel for the safe, efficient and secure operation of the
ship
Untuk memastikan bhwa pelaut bekerja diatas kapal dengan personil
yang cukup untuk keselamatan, operasi kapal yg efisieb dan aman
Ship must comply with the manning levels listed on the Safe Manning
Document (SMD) or equivalent issued by the competent authority
Every ship should have a sufficient manning level
Semua kapal wajib memiliki jumlah pelaut yang cukup di kapal untuk
memastikan bahwa kapal dioperasikan dengan aman, efisien dan
memperhatikan keamanan
Pemeriksaan harus sering dilakukan dan dicatat oleh Nakoda atau perwira
yang ditunjuk yang meliputi:
Perbekalan air minum dan makanan
Bumbu dan perlengkapan
area dapur dan penyiapan makanan
Koki kapal harus berumur lebih dari 18 tahun dan telah mendapatkan
pelaatihan yang layak dan memiliki kualifikasi. Kecuali awaknya kurang dari
10 tidak harus memiliki kualifikasi penuh.
Title 4: Health Protection, Medical Care, Welfare and Social Security Protection (
Perlindungan kesehatan, perawatan medis, kesejahteraan dan jaminan sosial)
Purpose: To protect the health of seafarers and ensure their prompt access to
medical care on board ship and ashore
Title 4 consists of 5 regulations about Health, Liability, Medical care, Welfare and Social
security.
4.1 Medical care on board and ashore
Purpose: To protect the health of seafarers and ensure their prompt access to medical
care on board ship and ashore
Seafarers should be covered for and have access to medical care while on board; in
principle at no cost and of a quality comparable to the standards of health care on shore
-Untuk kapal yang mengangkut 100 orang atau lebih pada pelayaran Internasional
lebih dari tiga hari harus ada dokter.
Jika tidak ada dokter di kapal, paling tidak ada satu pelaut yang bertugas untuk
perawatan medik sbagai bagian dari tugas reguler mereka dan mendapatkan pelatihan
sesuai STCW didasarkan pada: International Medical Guide for Ship; Panduan P3k untuk
kecelakaan yang melibatkan barang berbahaya: International code of signal (medical)
37
Reg.4.3 Health and safety protection and accident prevention:
Purpose: To ensure that seafarers’ work environment on board ships
promotes occupational safety and health
1.Harus disediakan lingkungan yang hygenis dan aman kepada pelaut baik selama mereka
bekerja maupun selama istirahat
3. Kapal harus mempunyai kebijakan yang berkaitan kesehatan dan keselamatan serta
program untuk mencegah kecelakaan, cidera dan penyakit khususnya untuk pelaut
dibawah umur 18
Jika mendapat kesulitan di pelabuhan negara lain pelaut dapat mengakses Konsulat, atau juga
dapat menghubungi negara kebangsaan pelaut atau perwkilan negara bendera kapal
Reg.4.5 Social security:
Purpose: To ensure that measures are taken with a view to
providing seafarers with access to social security protection
Social security coverage should be available to seafarers (and in
case it is customary in the flag state: their relatives)