BACHELOR IN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND

HEALTH (HONS)
OSH RISK MANAGEMENT
FAHS 3103
INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 1
 Learning Objectives
• Understand the meaning of hazard ,risk and danger

• Understand the risk concept

WHAT IS RISK?
A combination of the likelihood of an
occurrence of a hazardous event with specified
period or in specified circumstances and the
severity of injury or damage to the health of
people, property, environment or any
combination of these caused by the event.
MIOSH
 Risk is the combination of the likelihood and severity
of a specified hazardous event occurring.

Risk = Likelihood x Severity

• Likelihood
– event likely to occur within the specific period or in specified
circumstances
and,
• Severity
– outcome from an event such as severity of injury or health of people,
or damage to property, or insult to environment, or any combination of
those caused by the event.
DANGER
Exposure or vulnerability to harm or risk or a source or
an instance of risk

Inter-relationship between hazard, risk and danger can be understand more with the
following example;

Concentrated Hydrochloric acid is one of the most chemical hazard because of the intrinsic
corrosive factor, which can harmful to health and some materials. High risk to the worker
works with this acid without face shield. It is danger to use mouth to draw HCL into a
pipette.
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 DEFINITION

WHAT IS HAZARD?
Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of
human injury or ill health, damage to property, damage
to the workplace environment, or a combination of
these. (OHSAS 18001)

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 HAZARD & RISK

CAUSE EFFECT
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Philosophy Of Risk Management

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How To Assess Risk in the Workplace?
 Process of HIRARC
Require 4 simple steps:
1)classify work activities;
2)identify hazard;
3)conduct risk assessment (analyze and estimate risk
from each hazard), by calculating or estimating -
i. likelihood of occurrence, and
ii. severity of hazard;
4) decide if risk is tolerable and apply control measures
(if necessary).
 QUESTION TO PONDER
1) What is Risk Assessment Process ?
2) When To Carry Out Risk Assessment?
3) Why Carry Out Risk Assessment?
4) Why is Risk Assessment Important ?
5) How To Assess Risk in the Workplace ?
What is Risk Assessment Process ?
• The process of Evaluating the Risks to Safety and
Health arising from hazards at work.
• Involves looking at the possibility of injury occurring
to a person if exposed to a hazard.
• Think of how many people are exposed to each
hazard and for how long.
When To Carry Out Risk Assessment?
An assessment should be carried out:
1) Before you do the work that gives rise to the
risk.
2) When establishing :
•New organisation
•New work
•New process
•New technologies
 Why Carry Out Risk Assessment?
• Give organisations a more effective way of
managing hazards.
• Requirement of the law.
• Requirement of management system
standards.
 Why is Risk Assessment Important ?
1) A risk assessment helps to prevent accidents and ill
health to you, your workers and members of the
public.
2) Accidents and ill health can destroyed and severely
damaged life and harm your business too if output is
lost, equipment is damaged, insurance costs
increase or you have to go to court.
3) You are legally required to assess the risks in your
workplace so that you can put in place a plan to
control the risks.
 REFERENCES
• Huges, P., & Ferret, E. (2010). Risk Assessment. Introduction to
Health and Safety at Work (4th ed., pp. 83-93). Oxford, UK:
ELSEVIER. (Original work published 2003).

• Goest,D.L. (2012). Occupational Health and Safety For

Technologist, Engineers, and Managers, 7th ed. Upper Saddle
Rover. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

• National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

(2008). Practical Guide to OSH Risk Management

• Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). (2008).

Guidelines For Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk
Control (HIRARC) (1st ed.). Retrieved from
http://www.dosh.gov.my.
THANK YOU

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