EXILE OF RIZAL IN DAPITAN

1892-1896

BORONGAN, ROSALINA S., DUMAGUIN, CHRIST JOHN J.

 He brought with him from Hongkong
01 leaflets entitled Pobres Frailes (“Poor
Friars”).

He was accused of dedicating his

second novel, El Filibusterismo, to the
02 memory of the three priests who had
been proven traitors to the nation but
whom he extolled as martyrs.

He advocated the separation from

03 Spain as the only means of salvation
for the Philippines.

Charged for seeking to “de-catholicize,

04
which is equivalent to denationalize
this Philippine land which will always
be Spanish and as such, always
Catholic.
 WHO EXILED HIM? DAPITAN CITY,
ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE

Governor General Eulogio Despujol

Eulogio Despujol y Dusay, 1st Count of Caspe
(11 March 1834 – 18 October 1907) served as the
Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines
between 1891 and 1893.
In Dapitan, a remote town in Mindanao
which was under the missionary
jurisdiction of Jesuits.
WHERE?
BEGINNING OF EXILE IN DAPITAN.
July 17, 1892, the steamer Cebu
brought Rizal to Dapitan carried a
letter from Father Pablo Pastells,
Superior of the Jesuit Society in
the Philippines,
to Father
Antonio, Jesuit
parish priest of
Dapitan.
 In the letter, Rizal could live at the parish
convent on the following conditions:

1. That Rizal publicly retract his errors

concerning religion, and make statements that
were clearly pro-Spanish and against revolution.
2. That he perform the church rites and make a
general confession of his past life.

3. That henceforth he conduct himself in an

exemplary manner as a Spanish subject and a
man of religion.
But Rizal did not agree with the conditions.
RIZAL AND CAPTAIN
CARNICERO

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 WINS IN MANILA LOTTERY

September 21, 1892, the mail boat, The ticket was Jointly owned
Butuan, brought happy tidings to the by:
town that the Lottery Ticket No. 9763,
won the 2nd prize of P200.

Rizal’s Share = P6,200

To his Father P2,000

To his friend Basa P200
Captain Carnicero Francisco Equiolor
To his investment P4,000
( A Spanish resident
of Dipolog)

Dr. Jose Rizal

Rizal-Pastells Debate on Religion
Started when Father Pastells sent Rizal a book by Sarda, with
advicethat Rizal should desist from his foolishness in viewing
religion from the prism of individual judgement

“Individual judgement is gift from God and everybody should use it like a
lantern to show the way and that self-esteem , if moderated by judgement,
saves man from unworthy acts.”- Rizal
“Religions may vary, but they all lead to the light.”-Rizal

“No matter how wise man is, his intelligence is limited, hence he
need is the guidance of God.” – Father Pastells

The interesting debate may be read in four letters. Rizal – (1) Sept. 1,
1892, (2) Nov. 11, 1892, (3) Jan. 9, 1893 and (4) April 4, 1893; Father
Pastells – (1) Oct. 12, 1892, (2) Dec. 8, 1892, (3) Feb. 2, 1893 and (4) April
(no exact date), 1893.
Rizal-Pastells Debate on Religion

They still remained good friends. Father

Pastell gave Rizal a copy of Imitacion de
Cristo,

and Rizal gave him a bust of St.

Paul which he made.

Even Rizal did not subscribe to Pastells

religious, he continued to be a Catholic. He
continued to hear Mass at the Catholic
church of Dapitan,

celebrate Christmas and other

Catholic fiestas.
 RIZAL CHALLENGES A FRENCHMAN TO A DUEL

“My friend, you have not

a Chinaman’s chance in a
‘If he (Rizal – Z.) were a fight with Rizal on a field
truthful man, he would of honor. Rizal is an
have told me that the expert in martial arts,
lumber not included in the particularly in fencing
account were bad.”, in the and pistol shooting.”,
letter from Juan Lardet to Carnicero told the
Antonio Miranda. Frenchman.
Miranda indiscreetly Lardet wrote to Rizal in
forwarded the letter to Rizal. French, dated March 30, 1893,
Rizal flared up in anger and apologizing for the insulting
challenged Lardet to a duel. comment.
Mr. Juan Lardet
French business Man
RIZAL AND FATHER SANCHEZ
Father Pastells assigned Father Francisco de
paula Sanchez to Dapitan to persuade Rizal
to discard his “errors of religion”.
Father Sanchez was Rizal’s Favorite teacher
at Ateneo de Manila and the only Spanish
priest to defend Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere in
public.
Father Sanchez failedto persuade Rizal
with his unorthodox views on the
Catholic religion but he enjoyed Rizal’s
company.
He assisted Rizal in beautifying the town.

Rizal gave him a precious birthday gift – a

manuscript entitled Estudios sobre la lengua
tagala (Studies on the Tagalog Language)
Idyllic Life in Dapitan.
Rizal had an exemplary life, idyllic in
serenity.

He lived in Talisay, at seashore of Dapitan City.

His house was surrounded by trees and fruits,
clinics and dormitory of his students.

Since August 1893, members of his family

visited him.
1. His mother
2. Sisters Trinidad, Maria, and Narcisa,
3. Nephews Teodosio, Estanislao, Mauricio,
and Prudencio.
Rizal as Physician in Dapitan
Don Ignacio paid He studied
P3,000, rich
local medicine
Englishman paid
P500, and Don to be
Florencio Azacarraga prescribed to
paid a cargo of sugar. the poor.
He fame as
He had , however,
some rich patients physician,
who paid him for particularly eye
his surgical skill. specialist.
He had may
patients, most of He operated
them poor, so he on his He had patients
even gave free mother’s eye. from Luzon, Bohol,
medicine. Cebu, Panay,
Negros, Mindanao
and even from
Hongkong.
WATER SYSTEM FOR DAPITAN

Rizal held the title

of expert In Dapitan, he applied his
knowledge of engineering
surveyor, which he
by constructing a system of
obtained from waterworks in order to
Ateneo. furnish clean water to the
townspeople.
COMMUNITY PROJECTS OF DAPITAN

HUGE RELIEF MAP OF

MINDANAO
- In front of the church
- With the help of Father
Sanchez
 RIZAL AS A TEACHER
Rizal taught his In 1893, he established a school until 1896.
boys reading, Started with 3 pupils who
writing enrolled and increased to 16 and
later 21.
lkanguages
Instead of charging them tuition fees, he
(Spanish and made them work in his garden, fields,
English), and construction projects in the
community.
geography, Formal classes were between 2:00 pm –
history, 4:00 pm.
industrial work, One day the lessons were conducted in
English, on the next day Spanish.
nature study,
morals, and In honor of his students, he wrote a poem
entitled “Himno A Talisay” for his pupils to
gymnastics. sing.
Contributions to Science
He built up rich collection of concology
which consisted of 346 shells
representing 203 species.

Rare species discovered

1. Draco rizali ( flying dragon)
2. Apogonia rizali ( small beetle)
3. Rhacophorus rizali ( rare frog)

Conducted anthropological,
ethnographical, archeological,
geological, and geographical studies.
RIZAL AS LINGUISTIC

Bisayan German Latin Russian

English Ilokano
Subanum Portuguese

French Spanish
Sanskrit
Malay
Arabic
Chinese
Japanese
Hebrew
Tagalog
Catalan
Dutch
Greek
Italian Swedish
 ARTISTIC WORKS IN DAPITAN

The
Dapitan
Girl

The Mother’s Revenge

A Bust of A Bust of
Father St. Paul
Guerrico
RIZAL AS FARMER

Later, he acquired more lands until his total

01 02
He bought 16 hectares of land in Talisay,
holdings reached 70 hectares, containing 6,000
where he built his home, school, and
hemp plants, 1,000 coconut trees, and numerous
hospital.
fruit trees, sugarcane, corn, coffee and cacao.

03 He planted cacao, coffee, sugarcane,

coconuts and fruit trees. 04 He encouraged the Dapitan farmers to discard
primitive system of tillage and adopt the modern
agricultural methods.
RIZAL AS BUSINESSMAN

 He made profitable business ventures

in fishing, copra, and hemp industries.
 His most profitable venture was hemp
industry.
 Rizal organized on January 1, 1895
the Cooperative Association of Dapitan
Farmers.
RIZAL’S INVENTIVE ABILITY

During his exile in

Dapitan, he invented a
machine for making
bricks.

This machine could manufacture

about 6,000 bricks daily.
“MY RETREAT’
In february, 1895, dona teodora, with
her eyesight fully restored, returned to
manila. She requested Rizal to wtite
him a poetry again.

Rizal wrote a beautiful poem about

his serene lif as an exile in Dapitan
and saent it to her mother on October
22, 1895.

The poem was “Mi Retiro”

(My Retreat).

23
RIZAL AND JOSEPHINE BRACKEN

An Irish girl of sweet eighteen

She was born in Hong Kong on Oct. 3,
1876
Daughter of James Bracken and
Elizabeth Jane MacBride
She was adopted by Mr. George Taufer,
who sought Rizal’s treatment for his
blindness.
• They fell inlove with each other at love at
first sight
• After one month, they agreed to marry but
Father Obach refused without the permission
of the Bishop of Cebu.
• They held hands together and married
themselves before the eyes of God.
• They lived happily in Dapitan.
• 1896, Josephine was expecting a baby.
• She gave birth to an eight-month boy, who
lived only for 3 hours.
• He was named “Francisco”
• Rizal wrote a poem to Josephine entitled
“Josephine, Josephine”
 RIZAL AND THE KATIPUNAN

June 21, 1986, Dr. Venezuela arrived

in Dapitan and informed Rizal the
Katipunan plan and the necessity
of his support

Rizal objected to Bonifacio’s

plan
1. The people are no ready for
a revolution
2. Arms and funds must first be
collected before raising the
cry revolution.

26
THE SONG OF THE TRAVELLER

Rizal received a news from

Malacaňang that he was free!.

It was with his joyous thought of resuming

his travel that he wrote his heart-warming
poem”El Canto de Viajero” ( The Song Of
the Traveller)
 ADIOS, DAPITAN
On July 31, 1896, Rizal’s
four-year exile came to an
end.

Midnight of July 31, 1896, he

embarked on board the steamer
Espaňa. “I have been in that
district for four years,
thirteen days, and few
Accompanied by Josephine, Angelica hours”.
(Narcisa’s daughter), his three nephews
and six pupils.