Why should Hitler

support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A) ?

Reason
 The S.A. had been in existence
since the early days of The Nazi
Party

Why should Hitler

support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

Why should Hitler

support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

Members of the S.A.

Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
 The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

The S.A. was led by one Members of the S.A.

of Hitler’s earliest Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
supporters – Ernst Rohm
support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
 The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

The S.A. was led by one Members of the S.A.

of Hitler’s earliest Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
supporters – Ernst Rohm
support the
Sturmabteilung
Ernst Rohm was (S.A)
personally loyal to
Hitler

Reason
 The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

The S.A. was led by one Members of the S.A.

of Hitler’s earliest Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
supporters – Ernst Rohm
support the
Sturmabteilung
Ernst Rohm was (S.A)
personally loyal to
Hitler

The S.A. had supported Hitler

and the Nazis by putting up
posters, handing out leaflets and
intimidating political opponents
throughout the 1920’s and early
1930’s.
Reason
 The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

The S.A. was led by one Members of the S.A.

of Hitler’s earliest
supporters – Ernst Rohm
Ernst Rohm was
personally loyal to
Hitler
Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)
Ernst Rohm shared
Hitler’s vision of a
racially pure society

The S.A. had supported Hitler

and the Nazis by putting up
posters, handing out leaflets and
intimidating political opponents
throughout the 1920’s and early
1930’s.
Reason
 The S.A. had fought for The S.A. had been in existence
Hitler during the Munich since the early days of The Nazi
Putsch in 1923 Party

The S.A. was led by one Members of the S.A.

of Hitler’s earliest
supporters – Ernst Rohm
Ernst Rohm was
personally loyal to
Hitler
Why should Hitler were loyal Nazis
support the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)
Ernst Rohm shared
Hitler’s vision of a
racially pure society

The S.A. had supported Hitler

and the Nazis by putting up The S.A. had more
than 2 million
posters, handing out leaflets and
members by 1934.
intimidating political opponents
throughout the 1920’s and early
1930’s.
Why should Hitler
purge the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A) ?

Reason
If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives

Why should Hitler

purge the
Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives

The S.A. were

becoming lawless by the
early 1930’s and were
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
(S.A)

Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives

The S.A. were

becoming lawless by the
early 1930’s and were
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives

The S.A. were

becoming lawless by the
early 1930’s and were
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

S.A. leaders were demanding

rewards for their loyal
service. They were angry that
new Party Members were
receiving more recognition
than they were
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives

The S.A. were

becoming lawless by the
early 1930’s and were
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

S.A. leaders were demanding

rewards for their loyal
service. They were angry that
new Party Members were
receiving more recognition
than they were
The S.A. were good at
breaking up opponents
political meetings, but
they were not a
professional army.
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under
control Hitler may lose the support
of Hindenburg (the President) and
powerful conservatives
Ernst Rohm wanted to
The S.A. were merge the regular
becoming lawless by the German Army with the
early 1930’s and were S.A
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

S.A. leaders were demanding

rewards for their loyal
service. They were angry that
new Party Members were
receiving more recognition
than they were
The S.A. were good at
breaking up opponents
political meetings, but
they were not a
professional army.
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under The German Army was well organised
control Hitler may lose the support and trained and possessed the
weapons necessary to wage large
of Hindenburg (the President) and scale war
powerful conservatives
Ernst Rohm wanted to
The S.A. were merge the regular
becoming lawless by the German Army with the
early 1930’s and were S.A
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

S.A. leaders were demanding

rewards for their loyal
service. They were angry that
new Party Members were
receiving more recognition
than they were
The S.A. were good at
breaking up opponents
political meetings, but
they were not a
professional army.
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under The German Army was well organised
control Hitler may lose the support and trained and possessed the
weapons necessary to wage large
of Hindenburg (the President) and scale war
powerful conservatives
Ernst Rohm wanted to
The S.A. were merge the regular
becoming lawless by the German Army with the
early 1930’s and were S.A
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were
becoming harder to
control

S.A. leaders were demanding If Hitler

rewards for their loyal supported the
The S.A. were good at
German Army he
service. They were angry that breaking up opponents would gain the
new Party Members were political meetings, but support of large
receiving more recognition they were not a businesses
than they were professional army.
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under The German Army was well organised
control Hitler may lose the support and trained and possessed the
weapons necessary to wage large
of Hindenburg (the President) and scale war
powerful conservatives
Ernst Rohm wanted to
The S.A. were merge the regular
becoming lawless by the German Army with the
early 1930’s and were S.A
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the
Nazis Sturmabteilung
As S.A. membership
(S.A)
grew, they were Many Generals and
becoming harder to leading Nazis distrusted
control and feared Ernst Rohm

S.A. leaders were demanding If Hitler

rewards for their loyal supported the
The S.A. were good at
German Army he
service. They were angry that breaking up opponents would gain the
new Party Members were political meetings, but support of large
receiving more recognition they were not a businesses
than they were professional army.
Reason
 If the S.A. were not brought under The German Army was well organised
control Hitler may lose the support and trained and possessed the
weapons necessary to wage large
of Hindenburg (the President) and scale war
powerful conservatives
Ernst Rohm wanted to
The S.A. were merge the regular
becoming lawless by the German Army with the
early 1930’s and were S.A
causing some Germans
Why should Hitler
to turn against the purge the Ernst Rohm was a
Nazis Sturmabteilung potential rival to
As S.A. membership
(S.A) Hitler

grew, they were Many Generals and

becoming harder to leading Nazis distrusted
control and feared Ernst Rohm

S.A. leaders were demanding If Hitler

rewards for their loyal
service. They were angry that
new Party Members were
receiving more recognition
than they were
supported the
The S.A. were good at
German Army he
breaking up opponents would gain the
political meetings, but support of large
they were not a businesses
professional army.
What was the
S.S.?

Fact
 The S.S. first came
into existence in 1925

What was the

S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925

What was the

S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925

What was the

S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

What was the

S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant

to be an elite force.
The S.S. had to be
physically strong and
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?
The Head of the S.S.
was Heinrich Himmler

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?
The Head of the S.S.
The S.S. struck fear was Heinrich Himmler
into the German
population and could,
after 1933, arrest
people without trial.

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?
The Head of the S.S.
The S.S. struck fear was Heinrich Himmler
into the German
population and could,
after 1933, arrest In 1934 the S.S.
people without trial. helped Hitler to crush
the power of the S.A.
during the Night of the
Long Knives

Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?
The Head of the S.S.
The S.S. struck fear was Heinrich Himmler
into the German
population and could,
after 1933, arrest In 1934 the S.S.
people without trial. helped Hitler to crush
the power of the S.A.
After 1934 the S.S. was during the Night of the
split into three sections: Long Knives
1) Responsible for security
2) units in the armed
forces 3) Control of the
concentration camps
Fact
 S.S. stands for Originally the S.S. had
Shutzstaffel or The S.S. first came been created to protect
‘Protection Squad’. into existence in 1925 Hitler and Nazi leaders

The S.S. were meant Members of the S.S.

to be an elite force. wore black uniforms as
The S.S. had to be opposed to the brown
physically strong and uniforms of the S.A.
racially pure. What was the
S.S.?
The Head of the S.S.
The S.S. struck fear was Heinrich Himmler
into the German
population and could,
after 1933, arrest In 1934 the S.S.
people without trial. helped Hitler to crush
the power of the S.A.
After 1934 the S.S. was during the Night of the
split into three sections: Long Knives
The S.S. were ruthless
1) Responsible for security
and fiercely loyal to
2) units in the armed
Hitler
forces 3) Control of the
concentration camps
 Take a few minutes to study David Low’s cartoon of 1934

From the London Evening Standard

with permission
 Who are shown in the centre of the cartoon?
How have they been portrayed?
Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
 Can you explain the cartoon caption:
‘They Salute with Both Hands Now’’?
What is the joke?
Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
 Describe the appearance of Hitler, Goebbels and Goering.
What point is Low, the cartoonist, trying to make?
Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
 What is written upon Hitler’s armband? (Click on Hitler to enlarge)

What do you think is meant by this?

Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
What is written upon Hitler’s armband?
What do you think is meant by this?
What has been discarded on the floor? (Click on the message to enlarge)

What do you think is meant by this?

Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
What has been discarded on the floor?
What do you think is meant by this?
 What has happened to the people in the foreground?
According to the cartoonist who seems most likely to be
responsible for this action?
Give evidence.
Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission
 Who are the people surrounding the scene?
Why is their presence so significant?

Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission

 Overall, what is the meaning of the cartoon?
How useful is the cartoon in helping us to understand the
events that occurred during The Night of the Long Knives?

Cartoon from the London Evening Standard with permission

 So what have I learnt about the S.A.?

(Some information has been added for you)

The S.A. was led by
one of Hitler’s earliest
supporters – Ernst
Rohm

The S.A. had supported Hitler and the Nazis by putting up

posters, handing out leaflets and intimidating political
opponents throughout the 1920’s and early 1930’s.
 So what have I learnt about the reasons for the
Night of the Long Knives?

(Some information has been added for you)

The S.A. were

becoming
lawless by the
early 1930’s
and were
causing some
Germans to
turn against the
Nazis

If the S.A. were not brought under control

Hitler may lose the support of Hindenburg
(the President) and powerful
conservatives
 So what have I learnt about the consequences of the
Night of the Long Knives?
(Some information has been added for you)

Hitler’s popularity soared

within the Party and
amongst the German
population
At least 83, (but more likely over 200)
people were killed
Ernst Rohm, potential rival
to Hitler and leader of the
S.A. was shot dead