PAINTS AND

VARNISHES
PAINTS
A Paint is essentially a coating or covering
material applied on metallic or non-metallic
surfaces for decorative or protective purposes.
Most commonly they may be a protective as
well as decorative finish.
Paints can be defined as: “A liquid solution of
pigment ( coloring material ) and solvent, which
is applied on different surfaces for decorative or
protective reasons.”
VARNISHES
Varnish, liquid coating material containing a
resin that dries to a hard transparent film. Most
varnishes are a blend of resin, drying oil, drier,
and volatile solvent. When varnish dries, its
solvent portion evaporates, and t form a durable
transparent film. Varnishes provide protective
coatings for wooden surfaces, paintings, and
various decorative objects. Varnish protects and
enhances the appearance of wooden floors,
interior wood paneling and trim, and furniture.
 Types of Paints
Whitewash
Oil Paint
Emulsion Paint
Cement Based Paint
Enamel Paint
Distemper Paint
Epoxy Paint
Latex Paint
Textured Paint
OIL PAINTS
Oil based paints are slow drying paints which
consist of particles of pigment suspended in a
drying oil or oil varnish as the basic vehicle
ingredient. Oil paint is form of a slow-drying
paint that consists of particles of pigment
suspended in a drying oil that forms a tough,
coloured film on exposure to air
They can also be diluted with turpentine or
other thinning agents. Thicker layers, containing
more oil, take longer. Oil paint continues to dry,
getting harder with age over many decades.
WATER PAINTS
Water based paints contain microscopic plastic
particles of binder, filler and pigment, dissolved in
water. Water based paints are water soluble, but
become water-resistant when dry.Water-based
paints, which are also called latex paints, consist
of a pigment and binder with water used as a
carrier. They are the most common and
environmentally responsible paint option. They
provide great color retention over time, dry faster
than alternatives, and produce fewer odors.
 Manufacturing
• Raw material: Resin, pigment and additive agents are
generally major components of paint.
• Mixing: Resin, pigment and solvent are mixed to
produce an even mill base.
• Milling: Mill base produced at the pre-mixing process
is sent to the disperser to finely disperse the pigment
particles.
• Blending: Resin, additive agents and so on are added to
the mill base, the dispersion of which is completed.
Also, the color phase is adjusted with color materials.
• Filtering: Blended and toned paint is filtrated.
• Packing: Filtrated paint is packed into a container.
 OIL PAINT
• Oil paint is very shiny. Often referred to
as “high gloss” paint, oil based paint
does not hide defects very effectively.
• Oil paint is very shiny. Often referred to
as “high gloss” paint, oil based paint
does not hide defects very effectively.
• Oil based paint contains much more
VOC’s, thus the strong chemical like
odors that require much more
ventilation.
• Oil based paint will require harsh
chemicals like Mineral Spirits to clean
up.
WATER PAINT
• Water based paint does not have a shiny
coating. It may require multiple coats of
paint to achieve a level finish. The matte
finish does, however, hide defects well.
• Latex paints stand up well without
cracking and do not turn yellow over
time. Latex paint resists cracking.
• Water based paint contains much less
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s).
Better for use by people with sensitive
sinuses.
• Water based paint can be cleaned up
quite easily with soap and water.
KALYAN RAMAVATH
19011AA079

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