Geography of Pakistan

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 Location of Pakistan
 Located between
24 degree and 36.75
degree North latitude
and
between 61 East to 75.5
degree East longititude.
 Total Area is
796096 sqKilometers.
 Stretched about

1600 kms. From

North to South and
about 885 kms
From East to West
 Boundaries of Pakistan
 In the extreme north-East, Common
border with China.
 In the west , a long border known as “
Durand Line” with Afghanistan.
 To the North-west “Wakhan” is a narrow
strip of Afghan territory that separates
Pakistan from Tajikistan.
 To the South-West Pakistan has a
common border with Iran.
 Arabian Sea as Southern Border.
 In the East, a long border with India.
 Physiography of Pakistan
 Pakistan can be divided into Six major
landforms:-
1. The Northern Mountains
2. The Western Mountains
3. The Baluchistan Plateau
4. Potohar Plateau and Salt range
5. The upper Indus Plain
6. The lower Indus Plain
7. Desert areas
 1:-The Northern Mountains
 To the North and North-West of
Pakistan, three ranges of
Mountains:-
1. The Himalayas
1. The Outer Himalayas
2. The Lesser Himalayas
3. The Great Himalayas
4. The Inner Himalayas
2. The Karakoram Range
3. The Hindu Kush
 I:-The Himalayas
 Runs from East to West.
 Total length 2430KM
 Average Height 4000 meters.
1. Outer Himalayas Siwaliks
 Low altitude (300 -1000 m)
 Located near Attock
2. Lesser or Lower Himalayas
 North of outer Himalayas
 Medium altitude 5000m
 Represented by Pir Panjal ranges.
 Hill stations like Murree ,Nathia Gali are
located here.
Great Himalayas
 the height increases towards North
 North of Pir Panjal Ranges
 Average height is 6500m
 Between Pir Panjal Range and Great
Himalayas Kashmir is located.
 Highest Peak is NangaParbat(8126m)
Inner Himalayas
 Ladhakh Range
 Part of indian occupied Kashmir
 I:-The Karakoram range
 North of Himalayas
 Range runs from East to west
 Includes north Kashmir and Gilgat
 Average height 7000 meters.
 Important peak is K-2(8611m)
 Precipitation in the form of Snow
due to High altitude,
 Upper regions are normally Glaciers
(Batora, Siachen, 78 km)
 III:-Hindu Kash
 North west of Karakoram near
Pakistan and Afghanistan border.
 Chitral and Dir situated in this
range
 Important peak is Tirch Mir(7690m)
 Shandur Pass connects Gilgat and
Chitral
 2:-Western Mountains
 Comprise of Following ranges:-

1. Swat and chitral Hills

Located south of hindukush
Rivers swat, chitral punjchora
Average height 3000-5000m
Lawari and shundur passes
2.White Mountains

Located to South of Kabul river.

East-West direction average height 3600m

Peaks are often covered with Snow, so

called “Koh-i-Safaid”.
Kohat valley,Peshawar valley

Kyber and Kurram Passes provide route to

Afghanistan
3.Waziristan Hills
– Located between Kurram and Gomal
rivers.
– Highly mineralized zone.
– Bannu valley in the east of these hills.
– Kurram dam is main source of
irrigation.
– Tochi and Gomal Passes
4.Suleman Range
– Located towards the south of Gomal
river
– Takht-e-Suleman(3374m)is the
highest peak.
– River Bolan and Bolan Pass
5.Kirther Range
– Located in south of Suleman range
– Important rivers Hub and liari
 The Baluchistan Plateau
 Located in the west of Suleman
mountain and Kirther range.
 Average altitude of 600 to 900 m.

 Toba Kaaker and Chaghi hills in north

 Barren mountainous area but highly

mineralized(Gold,Copper,Sulphur etc.)
specially Chaghi Hills.
 Central Brahvi range,Central Makran
range lies at centre
 Makran Coastal area in south

 important rivers Pural,Hungol and

Dusht and Xob
 North West area is sandy

 Hamun Mashkhel
Salt Range and Potohar Plateau
Salt Range
 Begin from Tilla Jogian and Bakrala hills
near Jehlem river crossing district Bannu in
west and join Suleman mountains
 Comprised of Jhelum,Chakwal,Kalabagh
and Mianwali District.
 Height between 700 m.
 Sakesar is the highest place 1500m
 Rich in Minerals (rock
Salt,Gypsum,Limestone etc)
 POTWAR PLATEAU
 In North of Salt range, South of Islamabad
between Jehlum and Indus Rivers.
 Height between 300 to 600 m.

 Rich in minerals(Rock Salt,Gypsum,Lime

Stone,Coal,Oil etc)
 Arid Agriculture (Not rich in Agriculture)

 Rugged landscaped

 Important Rivers Soan and Haru

The Indus Plain

Located South 0f Salt Range

High Density of Population
Divided into two Parts
Upper Indus Plain
Starts from Salt range and ends
near Mithon Kot
Irrigated Indus and Its Four
Tributaries.
Highly developed Canal irrigation
System.
Agriculturally very rich area.
2. Lower Indus Plain
 Below Mithon Kot up to Arabian Sea is
Lower Indus Plain
 Irrigated by Indus River.
 Agriculturally very rich area.
 Flood Plains
 Barrages Ghulam Muhammad,Sakkher
Guddu
 The Desert Areas
 Lack of Water
 Bare Vegetation
 May have rich mineral deposits(Oil&Gas)
 Located at 3 Places
1. Sind Sagar Doab or Thal Desert
– Between Indus and Jhelum
2. Thar
– Located towards South East of Pakistan
– Irrigated by Sakkar Canal
– Can be divided into three parts
1. Cholistan
2. Nara
3. Thar Parkar
3. Kharan
– Located in Baluchistan