Routing Challenges in Wireless Body Area

Network (WBAN)

Hasnain Haider Adnan Jahangir

MS180400110 MS180400111
Virtual University of Pakistan Virtual University of Pakistan

Course Code: CS716

Contents

1 Introduction
2 WBAN Architecture
3 WBAN Applications
4 WBAN Characteristics
5 Challenges in WBAN Routing protocol design
6 Classification of Routing protocols for WBAN
7 Conclusion
Introduction

 WBAN is sub branch of Wireless Sensor networks (WSN)

 Very useful to alleviate and solve some problems like chronic diseases, Aging
population problem etc.

 Sensors and communication technologies are used in WSN.

 Some challenges are faced in WBAN like Energy constraints, Routing problems,
Dynamic Topology etc.
WBAN Architecture
WBAN APPLICATIONS

Medical Telemedicine, Enduring Disease,

Monitoring

Applications
of WBAN Help and taken care of the disabled, the
Special Help
old and children

Training of sports, protection in fire,

Others military and entertainment, etc.
WBAN Characteristics

Problem WSN WBAN

Range Environment Monitoring(m/km) Body range(cm/m)

No. of Nodes 100’s Dozens

Node size No special requirement The smaller the better

Node task Single or scheduled Many

Data rate Similar Mixed

Data loss Tolerable intolerable

Placement of Node Easily Difficult

Bio compatible Not considering considered

Life of node Months/years The longer the better

Topology Unchanged Changed

Energy of Node Limited and replaceable Limited but not changeable

Standard 802.11.4 802.15.6

Safety Low Very High

Challenges in wban routing protocol design

 Dynamic topological structure

 Energy efficiency

 Node temperature

 Various Qos requirements

Classification of routing Protocols for WBAN

Classification of Routing protocols

Posture-based Temperature-based Cluster-based

Cross layer Qos-based
routing routing Routing Routing Routing
Posture-based Routing

Protocol Objective Property Complexity Delay Energy Efficiency

A fault Accepting system contains

two alike & autonomous sets of
nodes
Dynamic environment &
MHRP (2017) low low high
Cardiac monitoring

Dynamic environment &

Topological fracture treatment Prospects to Establish
connections, Minimizing
NCMD (2017) network Management high low high

 Mobility Handling Routing Protocol (MHRP)

 Energy-Efficient and Distributed Network Management Cost Minimization

(NCMD)
 Temperature-based routing

Temp Protocol Objective Property Compl-exity   Efficiency

Latency

high temperature nodes avoided

using withdraw strategy
TARA temperature low high low

Considering temperature and hops

ER-ATTEMPT (2014) temperature low low Medium

Considering temperature and trust

TTRP (2017) temperature high low high

Considering temperature and mobility

MTR (2017) temperature high medium medium

Temperature-based routing

 Thermal-Aware Routing Algorithm (TARA)

 Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol (ER-ATTEMPT)

 Trust and Thermal Aware Routing Protocol (TTRP)

 Mobility Based Temperature Aware Routing(MTR)

 Cluster-based Routing

Energy Efficiency
Protocol Sink Quantity Characteristic Communication Mode Delay

2 Next Hop
DSCB (2017) Emergency Data: Single Hop Low high
General Data : Multi Hop

2 Emergency Data: Single Hop medium

CRPBA (2018) Channel Selection Low
General Data : Multi Hop

 Dual Sink Approach Using Clustering (DSCB)

 Cluster Based Routing protocol(CRPBA)

 Qos-based Routing

Energy Efficiency
Protocol Goal Characteristic Priority Delay Reliability

LRPD (2017) optimization delay Modularization √ low N/A medium

Optimizing Delay, √
HDPR (2017) Reliability and Node Modularization low high high
Temperature

 Lightweight QoS Routing Protocol (LRPD)

 Hybrid Data-Centric Routing Protocol (HDPR)

Conclusions

 This survey presents the analysis and categories of many current routing
protocols of WBAN in detail.

 During the study of literature, the significance of the routing protocol is high and
have an important/vital role when designing of reliable, having efficient energy
algorithms which generates low cost WBANs.

 The categorization of WBANs protocols is given as postural-based, temperature-

based, cluster-based and finally Qos-based routing.

 Furthermore, these different protocols are evaluated on the basis of comparison to

select the appropriate protocol as per required application.

 This survey will be helpful for future researchers and it gives comprehensive
knowledge about the routing protocols of WBAN those are also energy efficient.
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Thank you