Q & A RPD Design

Practice Session
Kennedy Class I Review

Karen L. Faraone, D.D.S., M.A.

Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics
Practice Copy
of Work
Authorization
Copy of
Handout
Ask yourself the following
questions…..
 What is the Kennedy Classification?

 Where are the rests located?

 Where is the primary horizontal fulcrum located?

 Is there a need for indirect retainers?

 Where are the proximal plates located?

 How many retentive clasps and where are they located? Does each retentive
clasp have encirclement? Have you avoided having all buccal retention on one
side of the arch and all lingual retention on the opposite side of the arch? Have
you avoided class I levers?

 What type of major connector is needed?

 What type of base to fill in edentulous spaces?

 What is the Kennedy
Classification and Modification?

It’s a Kennedy Class I with no Modification Spaces.

Is there a primary horizontal fulcrum and if so where is it located?
Yes, it passes through the mesial occlusal rests on #21 and #29
How many retentive clasp arms are needed for a Kennedy Class I case?
Two.
Is indirect retention needed?
Yes, at least one rest is needed on the opposite side of the fulcrum line from the distal extension bases
to provide indirect retention
 Kennedy Class I

Where would you place rests?

21-MO; 28-MO (indirect retainer); 29-MO
Where would the most efficient indirect retainer be located?
#25– the longest tangent from the fulcrum line
Where would you locate the proximal plates?
21-D; 29-D
 Kennedy Class I

Clasp type, location, retention?

#21- I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal)
#29- I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal)
Are reciprocal arms needed on #21 and #29?
No the minor connector with MO rest, distal proximal plate and I-bar encircle the tooth
greater than 180 degrees
 Kennedy Class I

Major Connector?
Lingual bar provided there is at least 8mm of space between the floor of the mouth and
marginal gingiva
Base selection?
Bilateral posterior acrylic retention lattice with 3.0 mm. ovoid tissue stops in 2 nd molar area
Why is a tissue stop (tissue rest) necessary?
A tissue stop rests upon the tissue or cast during jaw relations and denture processing. The
lattice is not in contact with the tissue or cast because it must be enveloped with acrylic. The
stop provides support of the distal extension area before the acrylic is processed onto the
framework.
Please fabricate a mandibular partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the following
specifications:
Rests: #21-MO; #28-MO; #29-MO
Proximal Plates: #21-D; #29-D
Clasps: teeth #21 and #29 I-bars with .010” midbuccal retention
Major Connector: Lingual bar
Base: posterior, bilateral acrylic retention lattice with 3 mm. ovoid tissue stops in the
second molar area
Thank-you
How would you modify the design if the patient presented
with a sublingual sulcus depth of only 4 mm. ?
Please fabricate a mandibular partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the following
specifications:
Rests: #21-MO; #28-MO; #29-MO
Proximal Plates: #21-D; #29-D
Clasps: teeth #21 and #29 I-bars with .010” midbuccal retention
Major Connector: Lingual plate
Base: posterior, bilateral acrylic retention lattice with 3 mm. ovoid tissue stops in the
second molar area
Thank-you
What type of clasp would you use if the buccal
vestibules were too short adjacent to #21 and #29 or
if the teeth were tilted buccally or if there were
bilateral deep soft tissue undercuts buccal to #21
and #29?
Wrought wire clasps with .020” mesial buccal
undercuts on #21 and #29
Please fabricate a mandibular partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the following
specifications:
Rests: #21-MO; #28-MO; #29-MO
Proximal Plates: #21-D; #29-D
Clasps: teeth #21 and #29 Wrought wire clasps with .020” mesial buccal retention
Major Connector: Lingual plate
Base: posterior, bilateral acrylic retention lattice with 3 mm. ovoid tissue stops in the
second molar area
Thank-you
 What is the Kennedy
Classification and Modification?

Kennedy Class I Mod. 1

How many retentive clasp arms are needed?
Two
Is there a primary horizontal fulcrum line?
Yes, it passes through the MO rests on #5 and #13
Are indirect retainers needed?
Yes, at least one rest is needed opposite the fulcrum line from the distal extension bases to provide
indirect retention
 Kennedy Class I, Mod. 1

Where would you place rests?

5-MO; 6-cingulum; 11-cingulum; 13-MO
Rests on 6 & 11 fulfill two requirements – they are located on teeth immediately
adjacent to edentulous areas and they function as indirect retainers
Where would you place proximal plates?
5-D; 6-M; 11-M; 13-D; adjacent to all edentulous areas that will be filled in
 Kennedy Class I, Mod. 1

Where would you place clasps?

#5 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
#13 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
*Wrought wire clasps would be the next choice if you were unable to use an I-bar due to shallow
buccal vestibule, buccal tilt of tooth or tissue undercut. Wrought wire clasps need .020” retention.
Are bracing arms needed on clasp assembly for #5 & #13?
No – this violates RPI theory – you have encirclement created by the rest , the proximal plate and the tip of
the I-bar. A bracing arm would put stress on the tooth during RPD movement.
 Kennedy Class I, Mod. 1

What type of major connector would you select?

Anterior-Posterior Palatal Strap or Palatal Plate
What type of base would you select?
Areas 2-3-4, 7-8-9-10, 14-15 Acrylic retention lattice
Are tissue stops necessary?
No – the palatal major connector is intimately adapted to the tissue surface and acts
as one big tissue stop
 Kennedy Class I, Mod. 1

Please fabricate a maxillary removable partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the
following specifications:
Rests: #5-MO; #6-cingulum; #11-cingulum; #13-MO
Proximal Plates: #5-D; #6-M; #11-M; #13-D
Clasps: #5 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
#13 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
Major Connector: Anterior-posterior palatal strap
Base: Areas 2-3-4, 7-8-9-10 and 14-15 acrylic retention lattice
Thank-you
 What is the Kennedy
Classification and modification?

Kennedy Class I mod. 4

How many retentive clasp arms are needed?
Two
Is there a primary horizontal fulcrum line?
Yes, it runs from #4-MO to #13-MO
Are indirect retainers needed?
Yes, at least one rest is needed opposite the fulcrum line from the distal extension bases
to provide indirect retention
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 4

Where should the rests be located?

4-MO; 6-cingulum; 8-DMR; 9-DMR; 11-cingulum; 13-MO
Where are the proximal plates located?
4-D; 4-M; 6-D; 6-M; 8-D; 9-D; 11-M; 11-D; 13-M; 13-D
Which rests function as indirect retainers?
All except 4-MO and 13-MO. The mesial occlusal rests on 4 and 13 determine the fulcrum
line. All other rests are located on the side opposite the fulcrum line from the distal
extension bases so all act as indirect retainers.
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 4

Where would you place clasps?

#4 – I-bar clasp with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal)
#13 – I-bar clasp with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal)
Are bracing arms necessary on the clasp assemblies for #4 & #13?
No! This violates RPI philosophy. It would restrict the framework from moving about the fulcrum line
and torque the abutment tooth.
Would you place additional clasps on #6 and #11?
NO!!! You only need two retentive clasp arms on a Kennedy Class I case and the additional clasp arms
would function as Class 1 levers.
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 4

What type of major connector would you select?

An anterior-posterior palatal strap or a palatal plate
What type of base would you select?
Areas 2-3, and 14-15 acrylic retention lattice
Areas 5 and 12 tube teeth
Areas 7 and 10 facings
Please fabricate a maxillary removable partial denture framework in Ticonium metal to the following
specifications:
Rests: 4-MO; 6-cingulum; 8-DMR; 9-DMR; 11-cingulum; 13-MO
Proximal Plates: 4-M&D; 6-M&D; 8-D; 9-D; 11-M&D; 13-M&D
Ideally modification spaces
Clasps: 4 – I-bar clasp with .010” midbuccal retention are closed with fixed
13 – I-bar clasp with .010” midbuccal retention prostheses if possible
Major Connector: Anterior-posterior palatal strap
Base: Area 2-3, and 14-15 acrylic retention lattice
Area 5 and 12 tube teeth
Area 7 and 10 facings Thank-you
 Kennedy Class I

Where is the primary horizontal fulcrum located?

It’s a line extending from the cingulum rest on #6 to the cingulum rest on #11
Is an indirect retainer necessary?
Yes
Where would you locate rests?
6-cingulum, 8-cingulum, 9-cingulum, 11-cingulum (8 & 9 are serving as indirect retainers –
any rest anterior to the fulcrum line would suffice as an indirect retainer)
Where would you place proximal plates?
6-D, 11-D
 Kennedy Class I

How many retentive clasp arms are needed?

Two
Location, type, retention?
#6 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal)
#11 – I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal (or mesial buccal).
If #11 was tilted buccally, what type of clasp would you need in place of the I-bar?
A wrought wire clasp
 Kennedy Class I

What type of major connector would you select?

Palatal plate – with so few teeth present, a palatal plate would be indicated
What type of base would you select?
Bilateral, posterior acrylic retention lattice
Are tissue stops necessary?
No – the major connector is in contact with the soft tissue and acts as one big
Please fabricate a maxillary removable partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the
following specifications:
Rests: 6-cingulum, 8-cingulum, 9-cingulum, 11-cingulum
Proximal Plates: 6-D; 11-D
Clasps: teeth 6 and 11 I-bars with .010” retention midbuccal
Major Connector: Palatal plate
Base: bilateral posterior acrylic retention lattice
Thank-you
The previous design incorporates a rather large (and
somewhat heavy) metal major connector. Since this is
essentially a complete denture posterior to the canines,
an alternative design may be proposed.
Please fabricate a maxillary removable partial denture framework of
Ticonium metal to the following specifications:
Acrylic would attach to the
Rests: 6-cingulum, 8-cingulum, 9-cingulum, 11-cingulum lattice and retention loops
as shown. The posterior
Proximal Plates: 6-D; 11-D palatal seal will be created
in the acrylic the same as
Clasps: teeth 6 and 11 I-bars with .010” retention midbuccal with a complete denture
Major Connector: Palatal plate
Base: bilateral posterior acrylic retention lattice and retention loops
Thank-you
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 1

Is there a primary horizontal fulcrum line?

Yes, it extends between the rests on teeth #’s 22 and 27
Is indirect retention necessary?
Yes
Where would you place rests?
22 – cingulum or MMR; 24-MMR; 26-MMR; 27-cingulum or MMR
Which of these rests act as the indirect retainers?
#24-MMR and #26-MMR
Where would you place proximal plates?
22-D; 24-M; 26-M; 27-D
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 1

Clasping?
#22- I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
#27- I-bar with .010” retention midbuccal
If there was a deep tissue undercut adjacent to the terminal abutments, what
would be you clasp of choice?
Wrought wire with .020” retention mesial buccal.
 Kennedy Class I, mod. 1

Major Connector selection?

Lingual plate due to the low number of teeth remaining. A lingual bar would also
work
Base selection?
Bilateral posterior acrylic retention lattice with 3.0 mm. ovoid tissue stops located
in the 2nd molar areas.
Area #25- facing
Please fabricate a mandibular removable partial denture framework of Ticonium metal to the
following specifications:
Rests: #22-cingulum; #24-MMR; #26-MMR; #27-cingulum
Proximal Plates: 22-D; 24-M; 26-M; 27-D
Clasps: #22 and #27 I-bars with .010” midbuccal retention
Major Connector: Lingual plate
Base: area 25 facing
bilateral, posterior acrylic retention lattice with 3.0 mm. ovoid tissue stops in
the 2nd molar area Thank-you
Drawing pointers…..
Major connectors that are
associated with distal extensions
end in an acute angle to allow for
bulk of acrylic. Maxillary major
connectors for distal extensions
end in the hamular notch area.

Acrylic retention lattice

does not cover retromolar
pads or tuberosities.
Tissue stops are 3mm. in
diameter and rounded in
shape – they are needed
on mandibular distal
extensions only.