VENTILATION

BY
SATHISH MUDRABOINA
DEFINITION:

The process of supplying fresh air and removing

contaminated air by natural or mechanical means
is termed as “VENTILATION”
It is a primary requirement to provide excellent
conditions to live and work
Proper ventilation and temperature in a building
is very essential for health, efficiency, and
hygienic conditions
NECESSITY OF VENTILATOIN:
To create air movement
To prevent undue accumulation of carbon dioxide
and moisture
To prevent depletion of oxygen content in the air
To prevent flammable concentration of gas vapour
or dust
To prevent undue concentration of body odours
,fumes, dust, and other Industrial product
To prevent undue concentration of bacteria-
carrying particles
Continued…
To prevent condensation in the building
To remove body heat and heat liberated by other
equipment. When heat gain or solar radiation is
excessive, then Air-Conditioning should be
considered
To prevent suffocating conditions in committee
halls, cinema halls and other such buildings where
mass assembly is of the regular feature
To admit fresh air and push out the contaminated
air
FACTORS AFFECTING :
Rate of fresh air change
Control on humidity
Quality of air
Temperature
Use of building
1) Rate of Fresh Air Change

If air remains static in a room where some people

or working, the air becomes contaminated after
some time because of respiration of the people
working there. If this air is not changed with fresh
air, concentration of carbon dioxide, other gases,
and bacteria increase and environment becomes
polluted which is not fit for working or staying.
The rate of change of air is dependent upon the
rate at which air inside the room is being
contaminated and the rate of pollution of air
depends upon the number of persons and the
volume of the room.
2) Control on Humidity
Presence of water vapours within a specified space
is termed as humidity. When a specific volume of
air at a specified temperature holds as much
vapours it can, it is said to be saturated air at that
tempearature.
The ratio of water vapours actually present, to the
amount of water vapours it can hold in saturated
condition is known as Relative Humidity
At 21degrees C , a range of 30% to 70% of relative
humidity is considered desirable
3)Quality of air
The purity of air plays an important
role in the ventilation system
The air to be induced for the
ventilation system should be free from
organic matter, inorganic dust,
objectionable gases, odour, etc
4) Temperature
It is evident that air to be induced for ventilation
should be warm in winter and cool in summer. The
temperature difference between inside and outside
should be kept about 8 to 10 C .
The value of the effective temperature depends on
the type of activity, geographical conditions, age of
the occupants, and the popular values of effective
temperature in winter and summer 21.7 C to 23.9
C respectively
5)Use of Building
The rate or quantity of fresh air supply to a room
depends upon the use of building
Factors to be considered while recommending the
minimum air supply:
i. Number of occupants
ii. Type of activity
iii. Period of working
Essentials of a good ventilation system
I. Should admit required amount of fresh air
II. Should effectively extract the vitiated air from the room
III. All the corners of the room should get proper ventilation
IV. The value of desired humidity should be maintained
V. Effective temperature should be maintained with regard to
human comfort
VI. Should exercise full control on incoming and extracted air
VII. Ventilating air should be free from dust, odour etc
VIII. Velocity of entrance of air should be uniform and should
not exceed 15m/mt.