 Mathematics

 Chapter 1
 SETS
 Class 7th
 Lesson # 5
 Operations on SETS
OPERATIONS ON SETS
Intersection, Difference and
Union of Sets
Intersection of sets
The set containing the common elements.

Bing
Jennie

Cyra Ralf Princess

Paul Emerson

Angelin Shiela

A ∩ B = {Ralf, Emerson}
Example
Two students listed their favorite subjects:
E = {Filipino, Science, Makabayan} and F =

Filipino Math

Science

Makabaya English
n

E∩F
Try this one..!
Given M = {4,8,10,14} and V = {1,2,3,15}, what is
M∩V?
Solution:
M∩V = { } or Ø.

4 1
8 2
10 3
14 15
 Difference sets
Denoted by A – B or A\B, is the set
containing elements in A but not in
Bing
Jennie
Ralf
Cyra
Princess
Emerson
Paul

Angelin Shiela

A – B = {Bing, Cyra, Paul,

Angelin}
 Union of sets
Is the set containing all the elements in A or in B
or in both A and B, denoted by A  B.

Bing Jennie

Cyra Princess
Ralf
Paul

Emerson
Angelin Shiela

A  B = {Bing, Cyra, Paul, Angelin, Ralph,

Emerson, Princess, Shiela, Jennie}
Your turn..!
Find L  W.
L A G W
B H
C I C
D D
F L

A G
D H Find L  W =
F B {A,B,C,D,F,G,H,I,L}
C
I
L
 The Complement of a Set
The set containing all the elements in the
universal set but not in the given set.

A U
Monday
Tuesda
Sunday y
Saturday A’ = {Saturday,
Wednesday Sunday}
Thursda
y Friday
Complement of set A
Try this...!
Set A = {0,1,4,5,6,7,8} U= {the digits}

A U
0
9 1 2
4
5 3
6
7 8

A’ = {2,3,9}
A B

A G
E
B H
F
I
C
Properties of union
1) ( commutative law )
AUB=BUA
A={1,2,3,4,5} , B= { 3,5,7,9,11}
AUB = {1,2,3,4,5,7,9,11}

{ 3,5,7,9,11} U {1,2,3,4,5}
BUA={ 1,2,3,4,5,7,9,11} proved
(associative law )
(AUB)UC=AU(BUC )
A={1,2,3,4,5} , B= { 3,5,7,9,11}, C={4,6,7,8,10}
AUB = {1,2,3,4,5,7,9,11}
(AUB)UC= 1,2,3,4,5,7,9,11}U =4,6,7,8,10}
= {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11} L.H.S
A U ( B U C )
 ( B U C )= {3,5,7,9,11} U {4,6,7,8,10}
 ={3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}
 A U ( B U C )= {1,2,3,4,5} U 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}
 = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11} Proved R.H.S
Properties of intersection
1) A ∩ B = B ∩ A ( commutative law )

A={1,2,3,4,5} , B= { 3,5,7,9,11}
A n B = { }

Bn A = { }
( associative law )

( A ∩ B ) ∩ C = A ∩ ( B ∩ C )
Let A = {a,b,c,d}, B = {a,c,e} and C = {a,e}.
B n C = {a,c,e} n {a, e} = {a, e}
A n (B n C)  =  {a, b, c ,d} U {a, e}
=  { a }  -----  (R.H.S)
(A n B)  =  {a,b,c,d} n {a,c,e}
=  {a, c}
(A n B) n C  =  {a, c} n {a,e}
  =  {a}  -----  L.H.S