JAVA APPLETS

By :- Darshana D Ghadi
 What is Java Applet ?
Java Applets are dynamic and interactive programs, were
introduced in the first version of the Java language in 1995.

A Java applet is a special case of the applet, a small program

(or mini application, thus "applet"), they are commonly
embedded within the HTML of a website.
 What you need to execute an Applet ?
Browser (IE 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or higher)
- using a Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Applet viewer utility in the JDK.

 Execution Platforms
 Microsoft Windows, Unix, Mac OS and Linux

 Features of an Applet
Provides facility for frames
Event handling facility and user Interaction
GUI
Graphics and multimedia
 Example
import java.applet.Applet.*;
import java.awt.*;

// Applet code for the "Hello, world!" example.

// This should be saved in a file named as "HelloWorld.java".

public class HelloWorld extends Applet {

// This method is mandatory, but can be empty (i.e., have no actual
code).
public void init() { }
// This method is mandatory, but can be empty.(i.e.,have no actual code).
public void stop() { }
// Print a message on the screen (x=20, y=10).
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello, world!", 20,10);
// Draws a circle on the screen (x=40, y=30).
g.drawArc(40,30,20,20,0,360); } }
 Create, Compile & Run
 Typein the following code using any text editor or in
DOS editor.
import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
public class hello extends Applet {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Welcome to Java Applets",20,20); } }

 Save the file as hello.java and compile it by using javac.

 To
save the program & compile follow the steps :-
Start -> Run -> cmd -> c:jdk.1.5bin -> hello.java

 Aftercompilation you will be left with the prompt –

c:jdk.1.5bin ( which indicates the a hello.class file has been created)

 For execution type – applet Display viewer hello

 Alternative to execute Java Applet

 After compilation type in the following HTML code in your editor and
save the file as hello.html
<applet code = "classhello.class" width = 200 height =150 >
</applet>

 Execute the HTML file by giving appletviewer hello.html

Life Cycle of an Applet
Methods :-
 drawString(String str,int X,int Y) 

 drawLine(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)

 drawRect(int x1,int y1,int width,int height)

 drawOval(int x1,int y1,int width,int height)

 drawArc(int x1,int y1,int width,int height,angle1 ,angle2)

Font Class :-
 Font f = new Font("Courier",Font.BOLD+Font.Italic, 16);

g.setFont(f);
Color Class :-

 setColor(Color.gray) sets the string color to gray .

 setBackground(Color.red) sets the background color to red.

User Interface Components :-

Label, Checkboxes , Button, Text field, Text area , etc.

Layout Managers
Flow Layout
Border Layout
Grid Layout
Card Layout
 Applications of Java Applet
 Entertainment

 Communication

 Utilities and Productivity

 Educational Tools

 Mobile Programs
http://rainbowuniverse.org/id55.htm
Advantages
 It is simple
 It can work on any platform
 No need to support legacy versions
 Applet naturally supports the changing user state, such as figure positions
on the chessboard
 An untrusted applet has no access to the local machine and can only
access the server it came from.
 Java applets are fast

Disadvantages
 It requires the Java plug-in.
 Security restrictions may make it difficult or even impossible for an
untrusted applet to achieve the desired goals.
 Some applets require a specific JRE. This is discouraged.
THANK YOU !