

-
ADDITION and
SUBTRACTION of
POLYNOMIALS

Prepared by: RENALYN Z. REAÑO

San Bartolome HighSchool,Q.C.
CONTENTS
Objectives

 - Similar and Dis

similar terms

Addition of Poly
nomial

Subtraction of Pol
ynomial

Exercises
 OBJECTIVE

At the end of the lesson, the students

should be able to

1.Add or subtract polynomials.

2.Solve problems involving addition

and subtraction of polynomials.
 REVIEW
Complete the table by giving the sum of each pair of
integers horizontally, vertically and diagonally.

26 -18 8
7 -16 -9
33 -34 10
 Spot the different!
The following groups of terms are similar, tell which term
does not belong to the group.
Answer first before you click.
14x -3xy 20a2
5 15xy -9a
-10x -10x -10a
What did you notice about
similar terms?
11ab
2 2 2
-a b c
ab2c 6a2b2c
ab2 17a2b2c2
Remember:
• Similar terms are terms having the
same variables and exponents.

Example:
9m2n, -3m2n and m2n are
similar terms
 Addition
 of
Polynomial
 The distance of each post from
I one
haveanother
a triangular piece of
is shown below.land and I’m
going to put a fence around that would
secure the privacy of my place.

5b 4b

7b

What is its perimeter in terms of b?

 Perimeter is the sum of the lengths of its sides.

P= + +
In case b= 3 then, 5b 4b
5b + 4b +7b = 5(3) + 4(3) + 7(3)
= (5 + 4 + 7) (3)
= (16) (3)
7b
= 16b

P = 5b + 4b +7b
= 16b
 Since 5b, 4b, and 7b are similar terms,
it leads us to the idea that if terms are
similar , then, we can get their sum by:

1.adding the numerical coefficient and

2.affixing the same literal coefficient.

Can we do that in dissimilar terms?

 Consider the rectangle below. Find its perimeter.
9x

4y

P = 9x + 9x + 4y + 4y
If x= 2 and y = 3, then,
P= 18x + 8y Leave=it18(2)
18x+8y as it+is.
8(3)
= 18x + 8y
 More examples…
Add the following.
1. (2x
2x22 + 3x -5)
-5 + (-9x
-9x22++ 7x
7x -3)
-3
Solution:
Arrange in column to easily
+ combine similar terms

-7x2 +10x -8

-4xy22 ++12xy
2. (-4xy 12xy+6y
+6y22) + (2xy
2xy22 -- 7xy
7xy +3y
+3y22)
Solution:
+

-2xy2 + 5xy -9y2

 Subtraction
- of
Polynomial
Review. Match column A with column B.

Column A Column B

1. 15-6 a. -14

2. 6-15 b. 14

3. 5-(-9) c. 9

4. -5-9 d. 1

5. 0-(-1) e. -9
Suppose the perimeter of a triangle is 32x units
and the length of the two sides are 10x and 9x
units respectively. Represent the length of the
third side.
10x 9x
P = 32x

?
Solution:
P = 10x + 9x + ? 32x - 19x = ?
32x = 10x + 9x + ? 13x = ?
32x = 19x + ? Third side of the 
Subtract only similar terms by:

1.Subtracting the numerical coefficient

(the process is the same as subtraction of
integers)

2.affixing the same literal coefficient.

 More examples…
Subtract the following.
1. (2x
2x22 + 3x -5)
-5 - (-9x
-9x22 ++ 7x
7x -3)
-3
Solution:
Change the sign of each
-+ +9x2 - 7x +3 term in the subtrahend then
proceed to addition.
11x2 - 4x -2

-4xy2 ++ 12xy
2. (-4xy 12xy +6y
+6y22) - (2xy
2xy22 -- 7xy
7xy +3y
+3y22)
Solution:
+- -2xy2 + 7xy -3y2

-2xy2 + 5xy -9y2

 Try it!
What must go inside the box?

1. 2x + 3 2. 4m + 3n 3. -2p – 3q
+ 7x + 5 + 11m – 9n + -7p – 8q
9x + 8 15m – 6n -9p -11q

4. 12s + 3 5. -15w - 3v
- 7s – 10 - 4w - v
5s +13 -19w - 2v
 Answer the following.

1. Find the sum of 5x + 2y, 3y – z and

3x + 2z. Answer

2. Subtract a2 + b2 from the sum of 3a2 – 2b2

and -5a2 + b2? Answer

3. Santino has to cut 3x-5 meters from a

5x-2 meter piece of wood. Represent the
length of the remaining piece. Answer
4. The side of a square is 5x inches.

a. Express the perimeter of the

square in terms of x.

b. If x =4, what is the perimeter of the

square?
Answer
1.
5x + 2y
3y – z
3x + 2z

8x + 5y - z
2.
3a2 – 2b2 - 2a2 – b2
+ -5a2 + b2 - - a2 -+ b2
+

-2a2 – b2 -3a2 - 2b2

3.
5x - 2
+- - 3x -+5
5
2x + 3 meters
4. a. 5x
P = 5x +5x +5x +5x
5x 5x
= 20x
5x

b. If x = 4, then P = 20x
P = 20(4)
P = 80
 CREDITS
Reference books
Chow Wai Keung, Discovering Mathematics. Star
Publishing Pte Ltd1a. 2008.

Oronce, O. A and Mendoza, M.O. Exploring

Mathematics I. Rex Bookstore. 2003

Website
http://www.clipartguide.com/_search_terms/wood.h
tml

http://www.smiletemplates.com/account.php

Edited by: Flordelita G. Male

Thank You!