This document compares responses from different sources on the rocking behavior of rigid blocks under seismic loading. It discusses formulations by Makris that are either linear or non-linear, and how the response depends on these formulations near critical values. It also notes that responses for smaller time steps are nearly overlapping in stable regions but deviate near unstable regions. The conclusions are that the response depends on both the solver used and whether a linear or non-linear formulation is used, particularly near critical values where stability is lost.
This document compares responses from different sources on the rocking behavior of rigid blocks under seismic loading. It discusses formulations by Makris that are either linear or non-linear, and how the response depends on these formulations near critical values. It also notes that responses for smaller time steps are nearly overlapping in stable regions but deviate near unstable regions. The conclusions are that the response depends on both the solver used and whether a linear or non-linear formulation is used, particularly near critical values where stability is lost.
This document compares responses from different sources on the rocking behavior of rigid blocks under seismic loading. It discusses formulations by Makris that are either linear or non-linear, and how the response depends on these formulations near critical values. It also notes that responses for smaller time steps are nearly overlapping in stable regions but deviate near unstable regions. The conclusions are that the response depends on both the solver used and whether a linear or non-linear formulation is used, particularly near critical values where stability is lost.
MAKRIS SINE PULSE LINEAR FORMULATION Source: Rocking Response of Rigid Blocks Under Near-Source Motions MAKRIS SINE PULSE NON-LINEAR FORMULATION Source: Rocking Response of Rigid Blocks Under Near-Source Motions • No Explicit information about the graph above by Makris to be derived from Linear or Non-Linear formulation.
Spectrum of the minimum
acceleration amplitude of a type B pulse needed to overturn a freestanding block
Makris, M. & Roussos, Y. (2000).Ge¬otechnique50, No. 3,
243±262Manuscript received 27 October 1997; revised manuscript accepted 8October 1999.Discussion on this paper closes 26 September 2000; for further detailssee p. ii.University of California, Berkley.
(5) (PDF) Rocking Response of Rigid Blocks Under Near-Source
Motions. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2314837_Rocking_Respo nse_of_Rigid_Blocks_Under_Near-Source_Motions [accessed Jan 11 2020]. JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS / MAY 2001 /473 ROCKING RESPONSE OF FREE-STANDING BLOCKS UNDER CYCLOIDAL PULSES By Jian Zhang1and Nicos Makris,2Member, ASCE MAKRIS COSINE PULSE NON-LINEAR FORMULATION The rocking spectrum and the limitations of practical design methodologies Nicos Makris∗; † and Dimitrios Konstantinidis MAKRIS COSINE PULSE NON-LINEAR FORMULATION Source: Rocking Response of Rigid Blocks Under Near-Source Motions CONCLUSIONS • Response is dependent on the ode solver, more over responses are same. • Response is highly dependent on linear or non-linear formulation near critical values • Responses for dt = 10-5s and 10-6s are nearly overlapping for all the graphs in the stable regions. Deviation is observable near dying region.
Gerolymos N and Gazetas G - Development of Winkler Model For Static and Dynamic Response of Caisson Foundations With Soil and Interface Nonliearities (2005) PDF