CHAPTER -8

SCOPE IN LANDSCAPING

8.1. THE SCOPE OF THE

LANDSCAPING
• Architectural profession includes
 Urban design
 Site planning
 Storm water management
 Town or urban planning
 Environmental restoration
 Parks and recreation planning
 Green infrastructure planning and provision

 Private estate and residence landscape

 Master planning and design
 All at varying scales of design,
FIG.49. recreation planning
 planning and management

8.2. Urban Design

 Urban design is the process of designing and

shaping cities, towns and villages.
 Whereas architecture focuses on individual
buildings. Urban design address the larger
scale of groups of buildings, of streets and
public spaces, whole neighborhoods and
districts, and entire cities, to make urban
areas functional, attractive, and sustainable.
 Urban design is an inter-disciplinary subject
that unites all the built environment
professions, including urban planning,
landscape architecture, architecture, civil and FIG.50. Environmental restoration
municipal engineering.
 It is common for professionals in all these
disciplines to practice in urban design.
 In more recent times different strands of
urban design have emerged such as
landscape urbanism
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 SCOPE IN LANDSCAPING

8.3. Site plan

 A site plan is an architectural plan,

landscape architecture document, and a
detailed engineering drawing of
proposed improvements to a given lot .
 A site plan "usually shows abuilding
footprint, travel ways , parking, drainage
facilities, sanitary sewer lines, water
lines, trails, lighting, and landscaping
and garden elements“ .
 Such a plan of a site is a "graphic
representation of the arrangement of
buildings, parking, drives, landscaping
and any other structure that is part of a FIG.51.Residence site plan
development project“

8.4. Storm water management Storm water:

 Storm water is the water that originates during

FIG.52. Precipitation Rain
water treatment
precipitation events.
 Storm water that does not soak into the ground
becomes surface runoff, which either flows
directly into surface waterways or is channels
into storm sewers, which eventually discharge
to surface waters
 Storm water management on developed sites
utilize a variety of non-structural (source
control methods) storm water best
management practices (BMPs)all of which can
be used to intercept, retain and infiltrate local
runoff and storm water that originates on the
site.
 During site design and planning for any
development or redevelopment of property it
is possible to define where storm water is
coming from, how much storm water is
expected and how to manage that storm water

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 CHAPTER -9

LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION

9.1. CONSERVATION OF LANDSCAPE

 Working with nature to reduce pollution, conservation landscaping

incorporates environmentally sensitive design, low impact development,
non-invasive native and beneficial plants, and integrated pest
management to create diverse landscapes that help protect clean air and
water, support wildlife, and provide a healthier and more beautiful
human environment.

9.2. Conservation landscaping supports clean air and water by:

 Using plants that are adapted to local conditions and thus require less
fertilizer and pesticides
 Trapping localized storm water on site with rain barrels and rain
gardens to ensure slow percolation and increased filtration of nutrients
entering the groundwater. 
  Reducing the amount of smog released into the air and the amount of
atmospheric deposition of nutrients into our water by reducing the
amount of movable lawn area.

9.3. Conservation landscaping supports wildlife by:

 Providing a diverse plant environment that attracts greater animal
diversity and fosters healthier ecological communities
 Creating migratory corridors of conjoined healthy ecological
communities

9.3. Conservation landscaping supports a healthier and more beautiful

human environment by:
 Reducing the amount of pollution entering the environment.
 Demonstrating the beauty of well-maintained, natural landscaping.

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 LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION

9.5.4. SHELTERBELT
 Shelter belt is a plantation usually made up of one or more rows of trees or shrubs
planted in such a manner as to provide shelter from the wind and to protect soil from
erosion.
 They are commonly planted around the edges of fields on farms.
 If designed properly, windbreaks around a home can reduce the cost of heating and
cooling and save energy.
 Windbreaks are also planted to help keep snow from drifting onto roadways and even
yards
 . Other benefits include providing habitat for wildlife and in some regions the trees are
harvested for wood products

FIG.57. Shelter belt FIG.58. Multiple cropping

9.5.5. MULTIPLE CROPPING

 In agriculture, multiple cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the
same space during a single growing season.
 In which a second crop is planted after the first has been harvested, in which the second
crop is started amidst the first crop before it has been harvested.
 A related practice, companion planting, is sometimes used in gardening and intensive
cultivation of vegetables and fruits

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