SENSORS AND

INSTRUMENTATION
(ECE1005)-REVIEW

DATE:06/06/2020

PROF.HEMANTH.C

1)ASHWIN IYER - 19BLC1042

2 ) A K I L E S H . K - 1 9 B L C 11 2 8

3 ) S R AVA N A K U M A R - 1 9 B L C 1 0 2 1

4 ) S R E YA S H M O H A N T Y – 1 9 B L C 11 7 7
PROJECT TITLE AND DESCRIPTION
PROJECT TITLE: HIKING TRACKER

DESCRIPTION: In this project we have tried to implement a hiking tracker for the use of
travellers, trekkers and hikers. The device holds the features of all the tools and devices used by a
traveller which includes compass, sensing altitude, temperature, pressure, humidity, time and GPS
location during hike.

The intention is to build a tracker, which is portable and can be used for measuring a variety of
features on a device, making travel easier and comfortable for a traveller. Therefore, we decided
to integrate all the sensors used for different measurements on a single device which can be worn
as a wrist watch, or a clipper.
COMPONENTS USED IN PROJECT
HARDWARE SOFTWARE

 BMP280 Module  Arduino IDE

 OLED display  Fritzing

 ADXL345 accelerometer --

 HMC5883 magnetometer --
 WORK PROGRESS-PRE REVIEW-I
AND PLAN AHEAD POST REVIEW-I
 COMPONENTS HAVE BEEN ORDERED.

 SCHEMATIC OUTLINE AND CIRCUIT IS BEING PREPARED.

TO BE DONE:
 PROPER LAYING OUT OF THE SENSORS ACCORDING TO THE CIRCUIT.

ANALYSIS:

1. WHICH HARDWARE HAS TO BE USED AND FOR WHAT PURPOSE.

2. PROGRAMMING THE DEVICES.

 POST REVIEW-I
DESIGN APPROACH
The plan of approach will be to break this mega project into smaller pieces as in to work with the
sensors one by one checking its final output whether it gives the required outcome and then
finally combine it get the mega project with many features.

We make use of the software’s inbuilt libraries, headers etc. and use the hardware’s datasheets,
pinouts and other documentations for proper functioning. Different algorithms are applied to get
data from sensors specified by the sensor’s libraries and display the data onto a display device.
 CIRCUIT IMPLEMENTATION
AND
CALIBRATION
The circuit implementation is a beginner’s version and modern technology makes it extremely easy to implement this design on
a single chip smaller in size which can be fit in our watches, pedometers etc. The manufacturing and design both are technically
feasible and very much controllable as per our needs. But in our case, all that we need is a computer to write software and a
microcontroller board, to implement the work out the design.

ACCELEROMETER:

Calibration for the accelerometer is done by placing the x-y axis on a plane and setting offsets such that the acceleration in the x
and y direction is zero and acceleration in the z axis is equal to the value of gravity.Similar process is done by x-z axis along the
horizontal and so on.

MAGNETOMETER:

The magnetometer is quiet tricky to calibrate which has to be done by taking real-time GPS coordinates and bringing in the
declination angle according to that latitude and longitude which will provide us precise value of the magnetic field in all the
axis, but this is difficult to implement and standard values are taken which will be somewhat off but precise.
 FUNCTIONS OF THE MAIN
COMPONENTS
 BMP280 Module - Gives us the Pressure, temperature and the altitude at which a person is
standing. It is an upgrade over the classic BMP180 module.
 OLED display - Helps us display all the data we gathered from each of the sensors.

 ADXL345 accelerometer - Gives the components of accelerations in the all the three axes.
Which can then be further processed to give various insights which is to calculate the tilt.
 HMC5883 magnetometer – It is the most expensive of the three it also gives the magnitude of
magnetic field in the three axes. Which is sufficient amount of data and that we can process this
data to get the compass heading or the bearing.
Arduino UNO microcontroller board with
Atmega328P programmable chip
 PCB
VERSION
OVERVIEW OF THE MODEL
 FUTURE SCOPE OF
IMPROVEMENT
Some of the future modifications or improvisations of this model could be:
Using GPS modules which we specified but couldn’t use due to economical constraint.

 Buzzer alarm beep on reaching altitude/location milestone.

 Drink water reminder.

 Take a break reminder.

 Low battery alarm, temperature or humidity alert.

 Compass software calibration for tilt compensation.

 SUMMARY
 The making of the project involved combination of hardware and software expertise along with
knowledge from both electronics and programming. Though smaller yet sufficient version is made
and delivered to the user of this device.
 Projects involving these combinations require high effort, time and money and the last being an
important factor of the shortcomings of this device we made.
 But the device definitely will not disappoint the user and give user the chance to complain about
its quality.
 Although there is room for improvement in both circuit layout and code to deal with the caveats,
it’s still cool to have a gadget like this while going into the wilderness.