Political

Ideologies
Mr. Jan Bonnel S. Buhain
Instructor, Philippine
 Political
Ideologies
In social studies, a political
ideology is a certain set of
ethical ideals, principles,
doctrines, myths or symbols of
a social movement, institution,
class or large group that
explains how society should
work and offers
some political and cultural
blueprint for a certain social
order.
 Political
Ideologies
Ideology
defined
is
as
basically
political
statements that aim to call
upon massive mass or
government action to
achieve a relatively better
political and economic
condition (Baradat 1997)
 Political
Ideologies
The first formal use of
ideology as a political science
jargon was made by Claude
Destutt De Tracy (1754 –
1836) when he was studying
the enlightenment of Europe.
 Political
Ideologies
Conservatism
Conservatism is any political
philosophy that favours tradition (in
the sense of various religious, cultural,
or nationally-defined beliefs and
customs) in the face of external forces
for change, and is critical of proposals
for radical social change.
 Political
Ideologies
Liberalism
- Liberalism believe in government
action to achieve equal opportunity
and equality for all. It is the duty of
the government to alleviate social ills
and to protect civil liberties and
individual and human rights.

- Believe the role of the government

should be to guarantee that no one is
in need. Liberal policies generally
emphasize the need for the
government to solve problems.
 Political
Ideologies
Marxism
“Humans aren’t
naturally free.”
Marxism is a method of
socioeconomic analysis that
views class relations and social
conflict using a materialist
interpretation of historical
development and takes
a dialectical view of social
transformation
 Political
Ideologies
Marxism
“Humans aren’t
naturally free.”
Some of ideological and
conceptual bases of Marxism are
the following:

1. Alienation
2. Class Struggle
3. Materialism
4. Revolution
 Political
Ideologies
Anarchism
“Anarchism is a political
philosophy that advocates self-
governed societies based on
voluntary institutions. These are
often described as stateless
societies, although several authors
have defined them more
specifically as institutions based on
non-hierarchical or free
associations.
 Political
Ideologies
Anarchism
Anarchism holds the state to
be undesirable, unnecessary
and harmful.
 Political
Ideologies
Anarchism
 Political
Ideologies
Anarchism

“Anarchism teaches that we can

live in a society where there is no
compulsion of any kind. A life
without compulsion naturally
means liberty; it means freedom
from being forced or coerced, a
chance to lead the life that suits
you best.”

- Alexander Berkman (1964)

 Political
Ideologies
Libertarianism
- Libertarianism is a collection of
political
philosophies and movements that
uphold liberty as a core principle.

- Libertarians seek to
maximize political
freedom and autonomy,
emphasizing freedom of
choice, voluntary association,
and individual judgment.
 Ideologies:
on
Importance
An ideology is set of beliefs
that reflect a person's outlook
the world. Ideologies
are important because they
shape how we perceive and
interact with the world. In
politics, they affect the voting
choices we make and the
policies we support.
 Analysis Guide
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of
having or promoting a certain ideology

2. What ideology do you prefer? Why? Base your

answer on the different ideologies enumerated in the
discussion above and the observable political
situation of the country at the present.