ISLAM

• PLACES OF WORSHIP
• MAJOR LOCATIONS
• SOURCES OF AUTHORITY

PRESENTER: VISH KISTAMA

 PLACES OF WORSHIP
Mosque: the place of worship for Muslims is considered a holy
place in general

There are three holy places in Islam:

 the Kaaba
 the Prophet’s Mosque
 Al-Aqsa Mosque
Mosques

 A mosque is a place where Muslims worship.

 The word mosque comes from the Arabic word masjid.

 a mosque is more than a place of worship

The Kaaba
 centered in the Masjid-Al-Haram

 located in the city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia

 prophet Abraham and his son Ishmael built the Kaaba

 every year millions of Muslims travel to Mecca to perform the pilgrimage

(Hajj)

 Many Muslims also pray in the direction of the Kaaba five times a day no
matter where they are.
The Prophet’s Mosque/ Masjid Al
Nabawi
 Located in Medina

 Prophet Muhammad built it

 The mosque that was built by the Prophet became his final resting place

 Muslims usually visit the mosque during their Hajj journey.

Al-Aqsa Mosque
 also referred to as the Noble Sanctuary

 is located in Jerusalem

 the second mosque built on earth

 Was the direction that Muslims prayed towards

 mosque that Prophet Muhammad ascended to the sky for his al-Miraj Journey
Features of a Mosque
OUTSIDE

 Minaret: 1. a tower equipped with

speakers for broadcasting the call to prayer,
sung by a man known as a muezzin, five
times a day
2. to ensure the call is heard
far and wide

 Dome: Domes also help to amplify the

voice of an imam giving a
sermon, enabling all worshipers to
listen.
INSIDE

 Prayer Area: The center of most mosques is a large open hall

where congregants gather to
perform their five daily prayers

 Qibla Hall: shows the direction of Kaaba in Mecca

• Mihrab: To ensure worshipers are positioned
correctly, mosques contain a mihrab, a marker
on the wall of the building facing the holy
city.

• Minbar: The Minbar is the raised platform

where the imam stands that has a doorway at
the foot of the stairs which is reserved for the
Prophet Muhammad.

• Washing Area: Muslims perform 'Wudu'

which is the ritual washing before entering a
mosque
Major Locations of Islam
Sources of Authority in Islam
Are texts that individuals look up to for guidance in ways specific to their faith.

SHARIAH:

 The Qur’an

 The Sunnah/Hadith
The Qur’an
 Means ‘that which is read or recited’

 Contains the direct words of allah

 Muhammed received revelations from allah from 610 CE until his death in 632
CE

 After Muhammed death, Khalifa ‘Abu Bakr’ commissioned a written

compilation of the Qur’an
What’s in the Qur’an?
How is the Qur’an compiled?

 Divided in Surahs (chapters) each with a different theme

 Muslims recite the first surah atleast 17 times each day during
the five prayers

 It can never be added to or have anything taken away from it

 English translation of Surah Al-Fatiha
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
All Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Universe
The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Owner of the Day of Judgement.
You alone do we worship, and You alone we turn to for help
Guide us to the straight path;
The path of those on whom You have bestowed your grace, not
(the way) of those who have earned Your anger, nor of those who
went astray.
The Sunnah
 Arabic word which means ‘the practical example’ or ‘the way’

 Made up of Hadith + Muhammed Biography

 Outlines how a Muslim should live

 Records the actions and sayings of Muhammed during his lifetime

 Recorded as short passages that records muhammed’s sayings, actions or silent approvals

 It compliments the Qur’an


Fiqh
-describes Islamic Jurisprudence
-the efforts of scholars to deduce and interpret the law

-the four major Schools of Islamic jurisprudence :

 The Hanafi
 The Maliki
 The Shafei
 The Hanbali Schools
The Hanafi
 Based on legal views of Iraqi scholar ‘Abu Hanifa an-Nu’man’

 Lived between AH 699 and AH 767

 Oldest school of thought
Where is Hanafi followed?
Maliki

 Founded by Malik ibn Anas in Medina

 It uses recorded teachings and practices of the muslims of Medina

 Followed by 25% muslims in countries such as

Shafei
 Named after Islamic scholar ‘imam Ash-Shafei’

 He was born in Gaza in AH 760

Shafei (cont’d)
2 interpretation of Islamic law:

 Independent reasoning based on teachings of qur’an and sunnah

 Literal interpretation of these teachings

He taught if a practice was widely accepted and followed by muslims,

it became acceptable in the eyes of Islamic law
Hanbali

 Est. by students of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal

 Is the most strictest and most conservative

 Forms main law followed in Makkah and Medina

 Foloowed in the following countries: