VERBALS

A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech.
VERBALS
Are verbs that function as nouns or adjectives.
 There are three types of Verbals.

GERUNDS

Are verbs that end with –ing . They act as nouns in clauses.

A gerund is a verb form ending in –ing that is used as a noun.

Shopping is excellent recreation.
(The noun shopping is the subject of this sentence.)
INFINITIVES

Are formed by to and the present form of a verb. They can

Stand as nouns , adjectives or adverbs.

An infinitive is a verbal formed by placing to in front of the simple present

form of a verb.
An infinitive is a verb form introduced by the word “to” that
can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

I plan to read a book on Saturday.

(The infinitive to read is a noun used as a direct object)

Examples:
            to swim            to think           to read          to be            to cut           to turn

 Infinitives may function as adjectives, adverbs, or nouns.

Participles

Are words formed by verbs. There are present (-ing) and

Past (-ed, -d , -t , -en , -n ) participles. They can be used as
Adjectives.
Participles describes noun or pronoun.
A participle is a verb form ending in –ed or –ing that is used
as an adjective.

The butterfly fluttering near the daisy is a monarch.

(The adjective fluttering modifies “butterfly.”)

A. Present participles, always ending in -ing, 

B.  Past participles, usually ending  in -ed  or -en, 

Removing the auxiliary verb and using the -en form of the
main verb as an adjective produces a past participle.