MONITORING, EVALUATION,

ACCOUNTABILITY AND
LEARNING (MEAL DPRO)
PRESENTED TO TAKAFUL ORGANIZATION: MANAGEMENT BOARD

& EXECUTIVE OFFICE

KHALED MOKHTAR
PHASE THREE :

Collecting MEAL data

COLLECTING MEAL DATA

• The aim is to discus the elements that affect the collection of high-
quality data which are:
1- Developing good data collection tools,
2- Defining from whom data will be collected (otherwise known as
sampling methods),
3- Correctly using data collection tools, and
4- Managing the data you collect properly.
DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

• 1- Questionnaire (survey) (quantitative)

• 2- Semi- Structured interview (qualitative)
• 3-Focus group discussion (qualitative)
 DATA QUALITY

• Data quality depend on following factors:

• * Validity: accurately represent what you intend to measure, or help in measuring the
indicators you have chosen.
• * Reliability: the collection methods used are stable and consistent, if nothing change
you should get same answer.
• * Precision: have a level of detail that gives you an accurate picture of what is happening.
• * Integrity: accurate. Data should be free of the kinds of errors.
• * Timeliness: available when needed for learning (decisions and communication)
DEVELOPING DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

• “What do I need to know?”

• Steps of developing the tool
• Section 1: Introduction
• ● Why information is being collected
● How participants were identified
● How the data will be collected
● How much time the data collection will take
● How the data will be used
● Who will have access to the data
 DEVELOPING DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

• Section 2: Questions
• The specific design of questions is dependent on the type of tool you are using
(questionnaire, focus group discussions)
• ● Ensure that the language you use in your questions is simple, clear
• ● Organize questions using a clear, orderly sequence, logical and make sense to data
collectors and participants. begin with simple questions and then move to more
challenging and sensitive questions
• ● Make sure that your data collection tool includes fields to record important data
analysis and management information such as: the date, location, gender
DEVELOPING DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

• Section 3: Conclusion
• All tools should close by offering the respondent a chance to ask questions
and provide feedback on the experience. Always thank participants for
their time and reiterate how the data will be used and when respondents
might be able to hear the results of the data collection effort.
QUANTITATIVE DATA COLLECTION TOOLS:

• Questionnaires: A structured set of questions designed to elicit

specific information from respondents.
• Can collect data on multiple indicators, saves money and time of project participants.
• It uses close-ended questions
Closed-ended questions are questions that provide a predefined list of answer options.
This makes it easier for responses to be coded numerically allowing for statistical
analysis.
CLOSED-ENDED QUESTIONS
 CLOSED-ENDED QUESTIONS

• Need to consider:
• “skip logic,” which allows to skip a question based on their answer to a previous question
• Questions include the option to answer “I don’t know,”
• Questions include all appropriate responses (with option if not feasible to include them)
• Questionnaires can be done through personal interview or self-administrated like online
each has advantages ,disadvantages and requirement
 QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION TOOLS:

• Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions

• Semi-structured interview: A guided discussion between an interviewer and a single
respondent designed to explore and understand the rich depth and context of the
respondent’s perspectives, opinions and ideas.
• Focus group discussion: A guided discussion between respondents in a group. It is a
qualitative data collection tool designed to explore and understand the rich depth and
context of a group’s perspectives, opinions and ideas.
 QUALITATIVE DATA COLLECTION TOOLS:

• Open-ended questions are those that allow someone to give a free-form

response in their own words. There are two types of open-ended questions:
• Content-mapping questions are also known as opening questions. These are
intended to initiate the exploration of a topic by raising and broadly exploring
an issue.
• Content-mining questions are also known as probing questions. These are
follow-up questions that elicit more detail or explanation about a response to
a content-mapping question.
 CREATING SAMPLES

• Sample: A subset of the population or community that you choose to study that will help you
understand the population or community as a whole. Sampling divided into two types: random
sampling and purposive sampling.
• Random sampling is a probability sample that includes respondents selected from a list of the
entire population of interest so that each respondent has an equal chance of being selected (Simple
random, Systematic (every certain number, cluster ), size depend on the confidence level.
• Purposive (selective) sampling is a non-probability sample where sampling units that are
investigated are based on the judgement of the researcher. Sampling units are selected based on
characteristics of a population and the objective of the study.(quota or chain sampling)
 USING DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

• Step 1: Translate your data collection tools

• Step 2: Train data collectors and test your tools
• Step 3: Revise and finalize your tools
• Step 4: Plan for implementation and data management
questionnaires should take no more than 45 minutes to implement, and that
interviews and focus group discussions can take up to 90 minutes.
Choose a venue for interviews and focus group discussions that provides privacy
and an appropriate level of comfort, ensure proper share of responsibilities
MANAGING DATA

• Data management is the process of managing data through the phases of

its life. It include data entry, cleaning, storage and security, and retention
and disposal.
• data entry means putting the data you have collected into a form you can
use by entering it into an electronic database
• Data cleaning is detecting and removing errors and inconsistencies from
data to improve its
quality. Remove duplicates and check quality