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External Analysis: The Identification of Industry Opportunities and Threats
External Analysis: The Identification of Industry Opportunities and Threats
EXTERNAL ANALYSIS:
THE IDENTIFICATION OF
INDUSTRY OPPORTUNITIES
AND THREATS
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-2
OT
• Eli Lilly’s Prozac – antidepressant drug went out of patent
in 2001
Potential Competitors
New entrants into an industry threaten incumbent
companies.
Barriers to entry:
• Brand loyalty
• Absolute cost advantages
• Economies of scale
• Switching costs
• Government regulation
e.g.
• Brand loyalty – Coka cola, Pepsi
• Absolute Cost Advantage –
by Superior production operations - HUL
Control on particular inputs
Access to cheaper funds
Economies of scale – Nirma
Switching cost – Microsoft Windows
Government regulation – Petroleum, Telecom
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-8
Competitive Structure
Continuum of
Industry Structures
Fragmented Consolidated
Many firms, Few firms, One firm or one
no dominant shared dominance dominant firm
firm (oligopoly) (monopoly)
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-10
Substitute Products
The competitive threat of substitute products increases
as they come closer to serving similar customer needs.
Far Close
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-13
Complementors:
• Companies whose products are sold in tandem with another
company’s products.
• Increased supply of a complementary product collaterally
increases demand for the primary product.
Example:
• Faster CPU chips fuel sales
of personal computers.
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-14
FIGURE 3.3
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-16
FIGURE 3.5
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-18
FIGURE 3.6
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-19
Punctuated
Equilibrium
and
Competitive
Structure
FIGURE 3.4
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-20
FIGURE 3.2
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-21
FIGURE 3.7
Business Strategy - Arunabhas Bose 3-23
Factor
endowments
FIGURE 3.8