Session 4. Functions of Lymph and Lymphatic System

1 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Dr. Moses
Kayungi, M.D
Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

LYMPH
2
What is lymph ?
Tissue fluid (interstitial flui

d) that enters the lymphatic vesse
ls

FORMATION AND TRANSPORT O
3
F TISSUE FLUID

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
4
Essentially a drainage
system accessory to
venous system
larger particles that escape into

tissue fluid can only be removed
via lymphatic system

Functions of the Lymphatic Syst
5
em
24-
Reabsorbs excess interstitial fluid:
5
returns it to the venous circulation

maintain blood volume levels
prevent interstitial fluid levels from rising out
of control.
Transport dietary lipids:

transported through lacteals
drain into larger lymphatic vessels
eventually into the bloodstream.
lymphocyte development, and the immune respon

se.
Components of the Lymphatic Sy
6
24-
stem
6 Lymph
Lymphatic Vessels
Lymphatic Capillaries
Lymphatic Vessels
Lymphatic Trunks
Lymphatic Ducts
Lymphatic Organs
Thymus
Lymph Nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Lymphatic cells
Lymph Vessels
7
Lymphatic capillaries –
Lymphatic collecting vessels
Lymphatic trunks –
Lymphatic ducts –

8

Lymphatic Capillaries
9
24-
9
Features of structure:
Blind end
Single layer of overlapping end
othelial cells
More permeable than that of bl
ood capillary
Absent from avascular structur
es, brain, spinal cord splenic p
ulp and bone marrow

Lymphatic Capillaries – Lacteals
10
24-
10
The small intestine contains special ty
pes of lymphatic capillaries called lac
teals.
Lacteals pick up not only interstitial

fluid, but also dietary lipids and lipi
d-soluble vitamins.
The lymph of this area has a milky colo

r due to the lipid and
Dr. Moses isM.D also
Kayungi, 03-Apr-18 called c
Lymphatic Vessels
11
24-
11
Features of struc
ture
 Three layered wall
but thinner than ve
in,
 More numerous valve
s than in vein
 Interposed by lymph
nodes at intervals
 Arranged in superfi
cial and deep sets
LYMPH TRUNKS
12
 right and left jugular trunks

 right and left subclavian trunks
 right and left

bronchomediastinal trunks
 right and left lumbar trunks Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
LYMPHATIC DUCTS
13
24-
Right lymphatic duct
13
 Formed by union of right

jugular, subclavian, and
bronchomediastinal
trunks
 Ends by entering the right

venous angle
LYMPHATIC
14
DUCTS
Thoracic duct
Begins in front of L1 as
a dilated sac, the cister
na chyli,
formed by left and right
lumbar trunks and intesti
nal trunk
Enter thoracic cavity & a
scends
Travels upward, veering t
o the left at the level o
THORACIC DUCT…..
15
At the root of the nec

k, it turns laterally
arches forwards and de
scends to enter the le
ft venous angle
before termination, it
receives the left jugu
lar, Subclavian and br
oncho-mediastinal trun
k Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
DRAINAGE PATTERN
16
RIGHT LYMPHATIC
DUCT -Receives lymph
from right half of head,
neck, thorax and right upper
limb, right lung, right side of
heart, right surface of liver
THORACIC DUCT -
Drains lymph from lower
limbs, pelvic cavity,
abdominal cavity, left side
of thorax, and left side of
the head, neck and leftDr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
Lymphatic Cells
17
24-
17
Also called lymphoid cells.
Located in both the lymphatic system an
d the cardiovascular system.
Work together to elicit an immune respo
nse.
Types of lymphatic cells are:
macrophages
epithelial cells
dendritic cells
lymphocytes
LYMPHATIC ORGANS
18
Primary organs
Red bone marrow
Thymus gland
Secondary organs
Lymph nodes
Lymph nodules
Spleen

Lymph Nod
19
24-
es
19Small,round or oval
located along the pathwa
ys of lymph vessels.
length from 1 - 25 milli
meters
Typically found in clust
ers
receive lymph from many
body regions.
Lymph nodes are also fou
nd individually througho
ut the body tissues.
Lymph node
20
Features
 Bean-shaped bodies
 With afferent vessels (entering
at the periphery) and efferent
lymph vessels(emerging at the
hilus)
 Arranged in groups, along the
blood vessels or the flexural
side of the joint
 Divided into superficial and
deep groups Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
Regional Lymph drainage
21
Regional Lymph Node is the lymp

h node where the lymph of the organ or
part of the body drainge to firstly
Sentinel Lymph Node(in clinic)
Spleen
22
Location
 Left epigastric region
 between 9th-11th rib
 in line of 10th rib
Largest lymphatic organ in
the body.
Can vary considerably in si
ze and weight
Function
THYMUS
23
Features
Consists of two e
longated lobes
Is a large organ
in the fetus
Occupies the thor
acic cavity behin
d the sternum
Secrete lymphopoi
etin Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
Lymphatic Nodules
24
24-
Oval
24 clusters of lymphatic cells with some extrac
ellular matrix that are not surrounded by a conne
ctive tissue capsule.
Filter and attack antigens.
In some areas of the body, many lymphatic nodules
group together to form larger structures.
mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) or tons
ils
very prominent in the mucosa of the small intesti
ne, primarily in the ileum
Peyer patches
also present in the appendix
25

Tonsils
26
24-
clusters of lymphatic cells and extracellul
26
ar matrix not completely surrounded by a co

nnective tissue capsule.
Consist of multiple germinal centers and cr
ypts
Several groups of tonsils form a protective
ring around the pharynx.
pharyngeal tonsils (or adenoids) in nasopha
rynx
palatine tonsils in oral cavity
lingual tonsils along posterior one-third o
f the tongue Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
MALT (Mucosa Associated Ly
27
27
mphoid Tissue)

28
APPLIED
ANATOMY
LYMPHANGITIS
29
Inflammation of the lymp

h vessels
Commonest cause bacteria

called streptococcus pyog
enes(most common).
Lymph vessels appear as r

ed streaks through the sk
in
FILARIASIS
30

LYMPHEDEMA
31
Occurs due to accumul

ation of lymphatic fl
uid in the interstiti
al tissue
Sometimes can be appr

eciated after wearing
tight clothing or jew
ellary on affected li
mb Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18
LYMPHADENOPATHY
32
Means a disease of
the lymph nodes
Lymph nodes become

swollen/ enlarged a
nd may be painful t
o touch

LYMPHOMAS
33
Cancers originating
either from the lymp
hocytes in the lymph
nodes or the lymphat
ic tissue in organs
Risk factors -- HI
V, HEPATITIS, EBV in
fections

TONSILLITIS
34
Infection of the pha

ryngeal tonsils
Tonsils are swollen,
Fever and pain durin
g swallowing usually
present
Treatment – surgica
l removal of tonsils
(TONSILLECTOMY)
SPLENOMEGALY
35
Enlarged Splee
n
Various causes

36
LET’S REVISE SOM
E IMPORTANT FACT
S

QUESTION. 1
37
Name the structures labelled

A-E.

QUESTION. 2
38
I am a part of lymphatic system and protect

the body by clearing worn out red cells and
foreign bodies from the blood stream. Who a
m I?
A. Thymus
B. Palatine
Tonsil
C. Spleen
Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D
03-Apr-18
QUESTION. 3
39
Which is the correct statement about the L

ymphatic system?
A. It Reabsorbs excess interstitial fluid and

returns it to the venous circulation.
B. Transports dietary lipids through lacteal

s.
C. Helps in lymphocyte development, and the

immune response.
QUESTION. 4
40
Which disease caused by mosquito

bite blocks the lymphatic dra
inage causing huge swelling o
f body parts (commonly lower
limb)
A. Malaria
B. Filaria
C. Dengue
D. Yellow fever
QUESTION. 5
41
Which of these is a primary lymphoid org

an ?
A. Lymph Node
B. Spleen
C. Tonsil
D. Bone Marrow

Session 4. Functions of Lymph and Lymphatic System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Session 4. Functions of Lymph and Lymphatic System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Tissue fluid (interstitial flui

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

larger particles that escape into

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

returns it to the venous circulation

Transport dietary lipids:

lymphocyte development, and the immune respon

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Lacteals pick up not only interstitial

The lymph of this area has a milky colo

 right and left jugular trunks

 right and left

 Formed by union of right

 Ends by entering the right

At the root of the nec

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Regional Lymph Node is the lymp

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

ar matrix not completely surrounded by a co

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Inflammation of the lymp

Commonest cause bacteria

Lymph vessels appear as r

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Occurs due to accumul

Sometimes can be appr

Lymph nodes become

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Infection of the pha

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

Name the structures labelled

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

I am a part of lymphatic system and protect

Which is the correct statement about the L

A. It Reabsorbs excess interstitial fluid and

B. Transports dietary lipids through lacteal

C. Helps in lymphocyte development, and the

Which disease caused by mosquito

Which of these is a primary lymphoid org

Dr. Moses Kayungi, M.D 03-Apr-18

You might also like