Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Printour CH 2: Reyes, Gwendon O. Instructor
Printour CH 2: Reyes, Gwendon O. Instructor
REYES, GWENDON O.
INSTRUCTOR
EARLY TOURISM
Travel – to go from one place to another.
Exploration – to travel over new territory for adventure and discovery; investigate, study,
analyze.
Two forms of Early Tourism
1. Business/ Trading – exchange of goods (Money); Sumerians, Greeks, and Romans
Mode of Transportation: Horses: Stables = Hotels, Inns, Gasoline Stations
2. Religious – took form in Pilgrimages (Journey to a sacred place)
Needed for early travel: Passport – Bible and Passes and Documents. First Passport 1914 British Council
TOURISM DURING THE INDUSTRIAL PERIOD
Due to increase in Productivity, Regular Employment, growing urbanization "the gradual increase in the
proportion of people living in urban areas“
The emerging middle class combined higher incomes, growing education w/c resulted to an escape from
their responsibilities and the crowded environment.
Modern Tourism
1. 19th century – steam powered vehicles e.g., Railways, cars, boats
Also the emergence of hotels, resorts, and entertainment facilities.
Due to steam powered vehicles travel became inexpensive.
Travel Organizers Emerged – Thomas Cook; First Travel Organizer – Circular notes 1874; early invention of
traveler’s cheque in the world, exchanged against the localcurrency that provided much relief to the travelers in meeting the contingency
expenditureslike shopping, tips, transfer, extra services, etc. E.g., American Express – Credit Cards 1881 Hendry Wells and William Fargo
The beginning of Photography and Guidebooks w/c deal with local and overseas travel.
Baedeker – first form of travel guide; Karl Baedeker 1877 Guide for European Countries.
20th Century
Tourism continued to increase and expand due to increasing wealth, curiosity, and attitude of people, and
ease of movement.
World War 1 – “post war prosperity” led to large scale migration. Enhance by First-Hand Experience of
foreign countries.
Through mass communication; posters, press, cinema, radio, television.
Form of travel – motor vehicles; cars
World War 2 – introduction of aircrafts.
Introduction of air travel, increase in private car ownership – provided flexible transportation, growth in
excursions and short stays.
Post war recovery also provided increase in income and leisure time due to labor negotiations and social
legislation. Government created more vacation time by incorporating public holidays.
Governments of many nations encouraged both domestic and international tourism for means of job creation,
economic diversification, and foreign exchange.
ORIGIN OF TOURISM IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Martial Law (Sept 21 1972) – Philippine Tourism prospered, due to favorable conditions: safety of tourist,
sanitation facilities, government funding.
• National Tourism Organization of the Philippines or Department of Tourism – responsible for program plans
for hospitable and pleasant entry, stay and departure of tourist, positive and constructive development of
tourism.
FACTORS THAT FAVOR GROWTH OF TOURISM
1. Rising income for population – “more money more travel” (Two income family); Redistribution of income in the world w/c takes
place in foreign exchange.
2. Growth in the no of retired person who have the desire and energy to travel. – increase in life expectancy, fewer deaths now than
before w/c is result of more concern for diet and exercise.
3. Increase in discretionary time – shorter workweeks and longer vacations (40 hrs/week)
4. Greater mobility(be moved freely and easily) of population – travel opportunities & desire to escape from stress and pressures from modern life.
5. Growth in the no. of SINGLES – people who live alone have more time than couples; hence, socialization through travel.
6. Greater availability of credit through credit cards and bank loans – “Travel now pay later.”
7. Higher education levels – students attend colleges and universities. Hence, become more interested in other cultures (set of values,
conventions, or social practices)
8. Growth of Cities – Migration; Urbanization (gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas)
9. Simplification of Travel through the package tour – Tour packages (Planned, arranged); (Solo Millennial Traveler, Business
Traveler, Family Traveling Together.)
10. Growth of multinational businesses.
11. Modern Transportation Technology.
12. Shift in Values – more value on experience rather than material possession.