RACISM

Daisy G. Jurilla
Reporter

Jenny Russell
 Objectives

This report aims to:

1. Discuss what racism is;
2. Identify situations where racism happens;
3.Trace the episodes of racism;
4. Enumerate and explain the aspects of
racism; and
5. Presents different theories about racism
What is Racism? (Garner, 2009)
Racism is the belief in the superiority
of one race over another

results in discrimination and prejudice

towards people based on their race or
ethnicity
What is Racism? (Newman,2012)
Ideology underlying racist practices
 1. The idea that humans can be
subdivided into distinct groups

 2. The idea that they can be ranked as

inferior or superior
 Forms of Racism (Newman, 2012)

1. Prejudice
2. Discrimination
3. Hatred directed at someone
 Colour
 Ethnicity/National Origin
 What is Racism?
Office UNHC for HR (2011)
Racism and racial discrimination
-discrimination on an ethnic or cultural
basis, independent of whether these
differences are described as racial
no distinction between the terms
"racial" and "ethnic" discrimination.
 Racism can be
revealed through
people’s actions as
well as their attitudes.
It can also be reflected
in systems and
institutions. But
sometimes it may not
be revealed at all.
Where does RACISM happen?
Where racism is experienced
most frequently
 Neighborhood  Expressions of racism
 Shops can also be found in
 Workplace media
 In a society where
 public transport
technology is used
 sporting events or
racism has become a
 schools
particular problem
online.
Why is RACISM a problem?
 1. Racism causes harm to those who are on
the receiving end.

 2. It hurts individuals, communities and our

society at large.
 Studies show that experiencing racism
has profound effects on people’s
health and welfare. Those who endure
racism can be made to feel they have
less freedom, or are second-class
citizens (Nosek, Hawkins &
Frazier,2011).
 Racial hostility creates a society
where people don’t trust and
respect each other. It challenges
our society’s values of equality and
fairness.
 
 
History of RACISM
promoted through slave trade in
the ancient times
enslavement of Africans in the
sixteenth century
First Episode of Racism
 Racism – A History (2007)
 Racism is the ‘THE COLOUR
OF MONEY’
The real engine behind the slave
system is ECONOMICS
Second Episode of Racism
 ‘FATAL IMPACT’

 19th century, the practice of classifying

human beings into separate races evolved

 pseudo-scientific theories in order to

support the belief in ‘SUPERIOR’ AND
‘INFERIOR’ HUMAN RACES
Final Episode of Racism
 The final episode is the‘ A SAVAGE
LEGACY’
 paved way for the atrocities and
racial genocides perpetrated
against Africans in the Congo
under Belgian colonial rule
Mutilation and dismemberment were
commonly employed as punishment

Graphic images depict the horrific

violence which sprang from racial
stereotyping
 
 (Note. See video of BBC on History of
Racism)
Aspects of RACISM
 1.It is a form of implicit
racism in which a person's
unconscious negative
evaluations of racial or
ethnic minorities are
realized by a persistent
avoidance of interaction
with other racial and ethnic
groups
 Aversive racism is characterized by more
complex, ambivalent expressions and
attitudes (Ansell, 2013).

 Aversive racism has been shown to have

potentially serious implications for decision
making in employment, in legal decisions
and in helping behavior (Torbett, 2015).
Aspects of RACISM
 2.Color Blindness
 Color blindness is the disregard
of racial characteristics in social
interaction
3.Cultural racism

 Itcan be defined as societal

beliefs and customs that promote
the assumption that the products of
a given culture, including the
language and traditions of that
culture are superior to those of
other cultures
 (xenophobia)
 Cultural racism can be characterised by
the belief that one culture is inherently
superior to another (Torbette, 2015)
4. Economic
 Historical economic or social disparity is
alleged to be a form of discrimination
caused by past racism and historical
reasons, affecting the present generation
through deficits in the formal education and
kinds of preparation in previous
generations, and through primarily
unconscious racist attitudes and actions on
members of the general population. It is
discrimination based on economic factors.
5. Institutional
 It is also known as structural racism. It
is racial discrimination by
governments, corporations, religions,
or educational institutions or other
large organizations with the power to
influence the lives of many individuals.
6. Othering
 Othering is the term used to
describe a system of discrimination
whereby the characteristics of a
group are used to distinguish them
as separate from the norm.
 Ansell (2008) said that Othering plays a
fundamental role in the history and
continuation of racism such as to objectify a
culture as something different, exotic or
underdeveloped- is to generalize that it is
not like 'normal' society.
7. Racial discrimination
 Racial discrimination refers to
discrimination against someone on the basis
of their race.
 Racial segregation is the separation of
humans into socially-constructed racial
groups in daily life.
8.Subconscious biases
 Recent research has shown that
individuals who consciously claim to
reject racism may still exhibit race-
based subconscious biases in their
decision-making processes
Theories about Racism

 1. SocialCognitive theories
Gordon Allport’s seminal work,
The Nature of Prejudice (1954)
 …that prejudice is “an antipathy

based upon a faulty and inflexible

generalization”about a social
group and its members
 2. Intergroup theories
 Realistic group conflict theory
(RCT) and social identity theory
(SIT)- emphasize the role that
relations of power and dominance
between different social groups play
in determining patterns of intergroup
hostility
 3. Critical psychological approaches
 Critical psychological approaches have
examined prejudice and racism as
interactive and shared discursive practices
that justify and legitimate relations of
power, dominance and exploitation in both
formal discourse, such as political rhetoric,
and in everyday informal talk.
End of
Report
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